人参调控神经递质代谢的研究进展

Research progress on Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma in regulation of neurotransmitter metabolism

人参具有大补元气、安神益智等功效,其主要有效成分为三萜皂苷、多糖和多肽等,可用于中枢神经系统疾病的治疗。人参化学成分及其活性代谢物对氨基酸类、单胺类和乙酰胆碱等神经递质的体内代谢过程等具有广泛的调节作用,其作用途径包含调节脑部代谢微环境、透过血脑屏障直接作用于神经元以及调节神经-内分泌网络等。在人参“安神益智”的理论指导下,结合人参化学成分和神经递质的体内代谢过程综述了人参调节大脑神经递质代谢的主要作用机制,以期为人参的深入研究提供依据。

Renshen(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)has the functions of invigorating primordial qi,tranquilization and intelligence-promoting,and its main pharmacodynamic constituents include triterpenoid saponins,polysaccharides,peptides,etc.,which can be used in the treatment of central nervous system diseases.The chemical constituents and active metabolites of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma have a wide range of regulatory effects on the endogenous metabolism of neurotransmitters,such as amide acids,monoamines,acetylcholine,etc.,including regulating the metabolic microenvironment in brain,directly acting on neurons by crossing the blood brain barrier and regulating the neuroendocrine network.Inspired by the theory of“tranquilization and intelligence-promoting”,this paper reviewed the main mechanism of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma regulating neurotransmitter metabolism in the brain by combining the in vivo metabolic process of the chemical compounds of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and neurotransmitters,in order to provide a basis for further research on Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma.