收入增长对脱贫农民家庭营养结构的影响——来自宁夏1026个农户的实证

The impact of income growth on the nutritional structure of poverty-alleviated rural families:Empirical evidence from 1026 households in Ningxia

【目的】在后扶贫时代,根据脱贫农民家庭食物消费行为的特点,研究其家庭收入增长与营养结构的关系,既是测度脱贫农民家庭营养状况的重要指标,也是实现脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴、共同富裕有效衔接需考虑的重要问题。【方法】本文基于宁夏回族自治区1026份脱贫农民的调研数据,首先,在理论分析的基础上运用OLS模型实证分析了收入增长对脱贫农民家庭营养结构的影响;其次,从多维度对OLS模型的结果进行了内生性讨论及稳健性检验;最后,比较了该影响在不同脱贫农民家庭组群间的差异。【结果】收入增长对脱贫农民家庭营养需求具有显著影响,脱贫农民家庭总热量、碳化物、蛋白质、脂肪和维生素需求的收入弹性分别为0.221、-0.135、0.253、0.218和-0.092,内生性与稳健性检验支持这一结论。另外,组群差异分析表明,家庭成员平均年龄在41岁及以上、家庭成员平均受教育程度为初中及以上、从事养殖业的家庭,营养结构受收入增长的影响更为显著。【结论】合理的膳食营养摄入是决定人口健康和经济长期稳定发展的潜在因素。建议政府在制定相关政策以提高脱贫农民家庭收入的同时,也要关注收入增长导致的家庭营养结构不均衡问题。

[Objective]In the post-poverty alleviation era,examining the relationship between household income growth and nutritional intake structure of poverty-alleviated farmers is not only the key to preventing poverty due to illness,but also an important issue to be considered to achieve the effective connection between poverty alleviation,rural revitalization,and common prosperity.[Methods]Based on the research data of 1026 poverty-alleviated farmers in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,this study first empirically analyzed the effect of income growth on the nutritional intake structure of poverty-alleviated farmers by using the ordinary least squares(OLS)model on the basis of theoretical analysis.Second,the results of the OLS model were discussed in terms of endogeneity and tested for robustness from a multidimensional perspective.Finally,this study compared the cohort differences of the impact on different poverty-alleviated farmers.[Results]Income growth has a significant impact on the nutritional needs of poverty-alleviated farming households.The income elasticity of total calories,carbides,protein,fat,and vitamins of poverty-alleviated farming households is 0.221,-0.135,0.253,0.218,and-0.092,respectively.Endogeneity and robustness tests support this conclusion.In addition,the analysis of group differences showed that the nutritional intake structure of households with average age of 41 years and above,education level of junior high school and above,and engaged in aquaculture is more significantly affected by income growth.[Conclusion]Proper dietary intake of nutrients is a potential determinant of population health and long-term stable economic development.It is recommended that the government should pay attention to the imbalance in the nutritional structure of families as a result of income growth,while formulating relevant policies to improve the household income of poverty-alleviated farmers.