高等教育学“理实融通”的源流与进路:以潘懋元与朱九思为考察中心

The Origins and Development of “Integration of Theory and Practice” in Higher Education:A Study of Pan Maoyuan and Zhu Jiusi

我国“土生土长”的高等教育学科,40年来始终面临“发展性危机”与“建制性危机”的拷问。在建构哲学社会科学自主知识体系的时代背景下,回溯与重温第一代学科创始人的思想与事迹,可昭示处于“不惑之年”的高等教育学发展进路的可能性与可为性。潘懋元先生与朱九思先生分别代表了高等教育学诞生之初的“理论源流”与“实践源流”:前者积极推动高等教育学科的专业建制设立、学科人才规训与理论建构发展,后者致力于提倡院校研究落地、创设理论指导实践的试验田、以实践成效确证学科合法性;而两位先生围绕“理”与“实”的交融与互动,更是从源头上奠定了高等教育学“理实融通”的学科气质。其启示意义在于:高等教育学者既要夯实学科专业基础,也要提升服务意识与能力,尤其更注重以院校为基础的案例研究与理论建构的价值。这一目标的实现,要求政府与高校更加注重高等教育研究的功用与价值,为学科“理实融通”提供良好的环境氛围与制度保障。

Higher education,as a discipline that is indigenous to China,has faced developmental and institutional crises over the past 40 years.Against the backdrop of constructing an autonomous knowledge system in philosophical and social sciences,looking back on and revisiting the ideas and deeds of the founders of the first generation of higher education can demonstrate the possibility and potential for the future development of the discipline in its “middle-aged” stage.Pan Maoyuan and Zhu Jiusirespectively represent the “theoretical origin” and “practical origin” of the birth of higher education as a discipline.The former actively promoted the establishment of the professional system of higher education,the training of personnel in the discipline,and the development of theoretical construction,while the latter devoted himself to advocating for the landing of institutional research and the creation of experimental fields that guide practice,and used practical results to prove the legitimacy of the discipline.Furthermore,the two scholars laid the foundation for the disciplinary temperament of “integration of theory and practice” from the perspective of the fusion and interaction between “theory” and “practice.” The significance of their inspiration lies in the fact that higher education scholars must not only consolidate their professional foundation,but also enhance their service awareness and ability,especially focusing on the value of case studies and theoretical construction based on colleges and universities.Achieving this goal requires the government and universities to pay more attention to the function and value of higher education research and provide a good environment and institutional support for the “integration of theory and practice” in the discipline.