高质量发展下高等教育资源配置效率的区域差异与动态演进

Regional Differences and Dynamic Evolution of Higher Education Resource Allocation Efficiency Under High-quality Development

高等教育资源的合理配置既是解决高等教育发展不平衡、促进高等教育公平的基础,更是实现高等教育高质量发展的重要保障和有力支撑。在构建高等教育资源配置效率评价指标体系的基础上,利用MinDS模型对我国高等教育资源配置效率进行测度,进一步利用Dagum基尼系数以及Kernel密度估计方法,实证考察我国高等教育资源配置效率的区域差异以及时空演进趋势。研究发现:总体来看,我国高等教育资源配置效率仍存在11.2%的提升空间,且呈现出明显的区域梯度分布和省际异质性特征;从区域差异看,高等教育资源配置效率总体差异呈现缩小趋势,且区域间差异是总体差异的最主要来源,其次是区域内差异,再次为超变密度;从动态演进看,全国及东、中、西部地区的高等教育资源配置效率分布呈现不同程度的两极分化现象,但随着时间的推移均有所缓解。

The reasonable allocation of higher education resources is the basis for solving the imbalance of higher education development and promoting the equity of higher education,and it is also an important guarantee and strong support for realizing the high-quality development of higher education.Based on the construction of higher education resource allocation efficiency evaluation index system,the MinDS model is used to measure the higher education resource allocation efficiency in China,and the Dagum Gini coefficient and Kernel density estimation method are further used to empirically investigate the regional differences and the spatial-temporal evolution trends of higher education resource allocation efficiency in China.The study found that there is still 11.2% room for improvement in my country's higher education resource allocation efficiency,and it shows obvious regional gradient distribution and inter-provincial heterogeneity;in terms of regional differences,the overall difference of higher education resource allocation efficiency shows a narrowing trend,and inter-regional differences are the main source of overall differences,followed by intra-regional differences,and then by super-variable density;in terms of dynamic evolution,the distribution of higher education resource allocation efficiency in the whole country,the eastern,central and western regions shows different degrees of polarization,but it has alleviated over time.