立国本旨的追溯与纪纲法度的再造——南宋浙东学派《春秋》学与政治思想之间的互动

The Tracing of the Fundamental Principles of Establishing a Country and the Reconstruction of the Disciplines and Laws--The Interaction between The Study of Spring and Autumn Annals and the Political Thought of the Eastern Zhejiang School of the Southern Song Dynasty

在儒家经典中,《春秋》作为体现文明原理、王道宪章的“制作”,蕴含着儒家的法度意识和为后世立法的精神。南宋浙东学派政治思想家的《春秋》学论述,对他们道法一体、法度本位的经制事功学的建构起了催化作用。以薛季宣、陈傅良、叶适、陈亮等为代表的浙东诸儒,其《春秋》学思想与经制事功学之间呈现出一种政学相维的互动效果。他们将《春秋》中的立法精神落实在对宋代立国本旨的追溯和对纪纲法度的再造之上,倡导在南宋政治秩序重建中守护古典宪章统绪而塑造理想治体结构。由《春秋》学和经制事功学之间的内在关联可见,浙东学者推进了宋代政治思想中有关国本意识、宪章统绪的理论自觉,并且对当代政治传统中的治体模式、纪纲法度进行了反思和再造,从而系统地建构了华夏文明立国所依赖的根本治道精神、宪制规模架构和秩序统合机制。南宋浙东政治思想家的此种努力,既表彰了近世儒家政教传统中隐没的宪章国本传承统绪和道法相维的治理模式,也丰富了中华文明传统中有关圣王宪章、立国根本、治体规模、经制成法的古典政治理论叙事。

In Confucian classics,The Spring and Autumn Annals,as a production"that embodies the principles of civilization and the charter of The Holy King,contain Confucian legal consciousness and the spirit of legislation for future generations.The discourse on the study of"Spring and Autumn Annals"by political thinkers of the Eastern Zhejiang School of the Southern Song played a catalytic role in the construction of the study of Confucianism on Institutions and Utilitarianism of integrating Taoism and law,and based on the rule of law.The various Confucians in Eastern Zhejiang,represented by XueJixuan,Chen Fuliang,Ye Shi,Chen Liang,and others,exhibit an interactive effect of integrating political and academic with their study of The Spring and Autumn Annals and the study of Confucianism on Institutions and Utilitarianism.They implemented the legislative spirit of The Spring and Autumn Annals on the tracing of the founding purpose of The Song Dynasty and the reconstruction of the disciplines and laws,advocating for the protection of the classical charter and the shaping of an ideal governance structure in the reconstruction of the political order of The Southern Song Dynasty.The inherent connection between the study of The Spring and Autumn Annals and the study of Confucianism on Institutions and Utilitarianism shows that scholars in Eastern Zhejiang promoted the theoretical self-awareness of the consciousness of the country foundation and the tradition of the charter in the political thought of The Song Dynasty.They also reflected and shaped the governance model and the disciplines and laws in contemporary political traditions,thus systematically constructing the fundamental governance spirit,constitutional scale structure,and order integration mechanism relied on for the establishment of Chinese civilization.The efforts of political thinkers in the Eastern Zhejiang of the Southern Song Dynasty not only commended the hidden tradition of charter and national foundation,and the governance model of integration of Taoism and law in the modern Confucian's political and religious traditions,but also enriched the classical political theory narratives related to the charter of The Holy King,the foundation of the nation,the scale of governance,and the institutions and old laws in the traditional Chinese civilization.