孕中晚期增重速度对妊娠糖尿病孕妇分娩结局的影响

Influence of Weight Gain Rate in Mid-Late Pregnancy on Delivery Outcome of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:分析孕中晚期增重速度对妊娠糖尿病孕妇分娩结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析2022年5月—2023年5月于青岛大学附属妇女儿童医院常规产检并分娩的238例妊娠糖尿病孕妇的临床资料,根据孕期增重速度分为慢速组(n=32)、正常组(n=126)、快速组(n=80)。观察孕中晚期增重速度对妊娠糖尿病孕妇分娩结局的影响。结果:快速组妊娠高血压发生率高于慢速组与正常组,快速组与正常组高脂血症发生率高于慢速组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。慢速组低出生体重儿及早产发生率高于正常组与快速组,快速组巨大儿发生率高于慢速组与正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:孕期增重速度易影响妊娠糖尿病孕妇妊娠结局,增重过快会增加妊娠高血压以及巨大儿发生风险,增重过慢会增加早产及低出生体重儿发生风险。

Objective:To analyze the influence of weight gain rate in mid-late pregnancy on delivery outcome of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods:Clinical data of 238 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus who had routine obstetric examination and delivered in Women's and Children's Hospital of Qingdao University from May 2022 to May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.These pregnant women were divided into slow rate group(n=32),normal group(n=126)and fast rate group(n=80)according to the rate of weight gain during pregnancy.The influence of weight gain rate in mid-late pregnancy on delivery outcome of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus was observed.Results:The incidence of gestational hypertension in the fast rate group was higher than that in the slow rate group and the normal group,and the incidence of hyperlipidemia in the fast rate group and the normal group was higher than that in the slow rate group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of low birth weight infants and preterm delivery in the slow rate group was higher than that in the normal group and the fast rate group,and the incidence of macrosomia in the fast rate group was higher than that in the slow rate group and the normal group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The rate of weight gain during pregnancy may easily affect the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus,and rapid weight gain will increase the risk of gestational hypertension and macrosomia,and slow weight gain will increase the risk of preterm delivery and low birth weight infants.