术前低分子肝素钙对游离股前外侧皮瓣移植患者凝血功能及血小板的影响

Effect of low molecular weight heparin calcium on coagulation function and platelet in patients with free anterolateral thigh flap transplantation before surgery

目的探索低分子肝素钙在股前外侧皮瓣移植前后应用对患者凝血功能及血小板(platelet,PLT)的影响。方法选取2022年1月至12月无锡市第九人民医院和九江市第一人民医院收治的50例手、足部皮肤软组织缺损患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组(26例)和对照组(24例)。观察组患者术前12h开始给予低分子肝素钙,术后继续常规应用,每日1次;对照组患者术后4h开始常规应用低分子肝素钙,每日1次。比较两组患者手术前后的凝血功能及PLT。结果两组患者的血管危象、皮瓣坏死发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组5例患者术中或术后输血,在进一步分析中给予剔除。术后第1天、第3天,两组患者的纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)、PLT均显著高于本组术前,凝血酶时间(thrombin time,TT)均显著短于本组术前(P<0.05);术后第3天,观察组患者的活化部分凝血活酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time,APTT)、凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time,PT)均显著长于术前(P<0.05)。术前、术后第1天、第3天,两组患者的FIB、APTT、PT、TT比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后第3天,观察组患者的PLT显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论不论手术前后应用低分子肝素钙,患者术后FIB、PLT均较术前升高,术前12h用药者术后第1、3天FIB、PLT升高更明显。

Objective To explore the effect of low molecular weight heparin calcium on coagulation function and platelet(PLT)in patients before and after anterolateral thigh flap transplantation.Methods Fifty patients with skin and soft tissue defects of hands and feet treated in Wuxi Ninth Hospital and Jiujiang No.1 People’s Hospital from January to December 2022 were selected as the study objects.They were divided into observation group(26 cases)and control group(24 cases)according to random number table method.Patients in observation group received low molecular weight heparin calcium 12h before surgery,and continued to receive routine treatment once a day after surgery.Patients in control group began to use low molecular weight heparin calcium routinely 4h after surgery,once a day.The coagulation function and PLT before and after surgery were compared between two groups.Results There were no significant differences in incidences of vascular crisis and skin flap necrosis between two groups(P>0.05).Five patients in observation group received intraoperative or postoperative blood transfusion,which was excluded in further analysis.On first day and third day after surgery,fibrinogen(FIB)and PLT in two groups were significantly higher than those before surgery,and thrombin time(TT)was significantly shorter than that before surgery(P<0.05).On third day after surgery,activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT)and prothrombin time(PT)in observation group were significantly longer than those before surgery(P<0.05).Before surgery,first day and third day after surgery,there were no significant differences in FIB,APTT,PT and TT between two groups(P>0.05).On third day after surgery,PLT of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Both FIB and PLT were higher after surgery regardless of the use of low molecular weight heparin calcium before and after surgery,and FIB and PLT were more significantly higher in patients treated 12h before surgery.