彩色多普勒超声对乳腺疾病良恶性的诊断效能

Diagnostic Efficacy of Color Doppler Ultrasound in Benign and Malignant Breast Diseases

目的分析彩色多普勒超声对乳腺疾病良恶性的诊断效能。方法以2020年1月-2023年3月庐山市人民医院收治的60例乳腺结节患者为研究对象,其中良性病灶52例,恶性病灶8例。所有患者均进行彩色多普勒超声检查,比较良、恶性病灶患者的声像图特点与超声多普勒参数[血流频谱峰值速度(PSV)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)],以病理学结果为金标准,分析彩色多普勒超声对乳腺疾病良恶性的诊断效能。结果良、恶性病灶患者的声像图特点比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中良性病灶多表现为肿块直径小、形态规则、边界清晰、边缘无毛刺、内部回声均匀、后方回声增强、无内部血管、纵径与横径比例<1、无钙化;恶性病灶则以肿块直径大、形态不规则、边界不清晰、边缘毛刺、内部回声不均匀、后方回声衰减、有内部血管、纵径与横径比例≥1、有钙化等特征为主。恶性病灶患者的PSV、PI、RI参数均高于良性病灶患者(P<0.05);彩色多普勒超声对乳腺疾病良恶性的诊断准确性为88.46%,敏感度为75.00%,特异度为86.67%。结论彩色多普勒超声在乳腺良恶性病变鉴别中具有较高诊断效能。

Objective To analyze the diagnostic efficacy of color Doppler ultrasound in benign and malignant breast diseases.Methods From January 2020 to March 2023,60 patients with breast nodules admitted to Lushan People's Hospital were studied,including 52 patients with benign lesions and 8 patients with malignant lesions.All patients were examined by color Doppler ultrasound.The sonographic features and ultrasonic Doppler parameters[peak velocity of blood flow spectrum(PSV),pulsatility index(PI),resistance index(RI)]of patients with benign and malignant lesions were compared.The pathological results were used as the gold standard to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of color Doppler ultrasound in benign and malignant breast diseases.Results There were significant differences in the sonographic features between benign and malignant lesions(P<0.05).Benign lesions were characterized by small diameter,regular shape,clear boundary,no burr on the edge,uniform internal echo,posterior echo enhancement,no internal blood vessels,ratio of longitudinal diameter to transverse diameter<1,and no calcification.Malignant lesions were characterized by large diameter,irregular shape,unclear boundary,burr edge,uneven internal echo,posterior echo attenuation,internal blood vessels,ratio of longitudinal diameter to transverse diameter≥1,and calcification.The parameters of PSV,PI and RI in patients with malignant lesions were higher than those in patients with benign lesions(P<0.05).The diagnostic accuracy of color Doppler ultrasound for benign and malignant breast diseases was 88.46%,the sensitivity was 75.00%,and the specificity was 86.67%.Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound has high diagnostic efficiency in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.