产业集聚影响下区域科技创新效率的集聚效应与拥挤效应——基于北上广深面板数据的实证分析

The Agglomeration Effect and Crowding Effect of Regional Science and Technology Innovation Efficiency Affected by Industrial Agglomeration:Based on the Urban Panel Data of Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen

为促进我国区域科技创新效率的发展,通过区位熵模型构建生产制造业集聚规模与生产性服务业集聚规模的实证代理变量,然后将Griliches-Jaffe知识生产函数进行拓展、重整并对数化处理,构建产业集聚对区域科技创新效率影响的基准对数线性回归模型,应用北京、上海、广州和深圳2010—2020年的宏观经济面板数据,实证分析我国四大一线城市产业集聚对科技创新效率的集聚效应与拥挤效应。结果显示,(1)城市产业内生产制造业集聚规模与其科技创新效率发展呈现出倒“U”型非线性关系,也即产生拥挤效应;(2)城市产业内生产性服务业集聚规模与其科技创新效率发展呈现单调递增的正向线性关系,也即还存在集聚效应;(3)城市产业间生产制造业与生产性服务业的关联集聚与其科技创新效率发展也呈现出倒“U”型非线性关系,关联集聚也出现拥挤效应。由此提出,以品牌质量为核心抓手推动生产制造业高质量发展;集聚国际创新资源,继续做大做强北上广深生产性服务业发展;促进北上广深先进制造业与生产性服务业的融合发展,对传统落后制造业与配套的生产性服务业进行智能化、数字化改造升级等相关政策建议。

In order to promote the development of regional scientific and technological innovation efficiency in China,this paper constructs the empirical agent variables of the agglomeration scale of manufacturing industry and producer service industry based on the location entropy model,Then we use the expanded Griliches-Jaffe knowledge production function,restructured and logarithmic-ally processed to construct a Log-linear model of the impact of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation efficiency,Using macroeconomic panel data from Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen from 2010 to 2020,this paper empirically analyzes the agglomeration effect and crowding effect of industrial agglomeration on the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation in China's four first-tier cities,the results show:(1)There is an inverted U-shaped non-linear relationship between the industrial agglomeration scale and the development of sci-tech innovation efficiency in the four cities;(2)There is a linear relationship between the agglomeration scale of producer services and the development of science and technology innovation efficiency in the four cities;(3)There is also a"Inverted U-shaped"nonlinear relationship between the inter-industry cluster of manufacturing and producer services in the four first cities and the development of their sci-tech innovation eficiency.Therefore,we propose to take brand quality as the core to promote the high-quality development of production and manufacturing;Gather international innovation resources and continue to expand and strengthen the development of productive service industries in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Shenzhen;Promote the integrated development of advanced manufacturing and productive service industries in Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Shenzhen,and carry out intelligent and digital transformation and upgrading of traditional backward manufacturing industries and supporting productiveserviceindustries.