豇豆中10种农药残留快速检测技术研究与应用

Research and application of rapid detection techniques for 10 pesticide residues in cowpea

建立了豇豆中克百威、三唑磷、毒死蜱、啶虫脒、异菌脲、吡唑醚菌酯、多菌灵、腐霉利、灭蝇胺和甲氰菊酯10种农药残留的免疫快速检测方法,并应用于豇豆中农药残留现场快速筛查。根据免疫层析原理,以农药抗原、抗体为材料,制备金标免疫快速检测试纸,优化10种农药快速检测试纸的抗原工作浓度、金标抗体的标记pH值与标记量等参数,并优化了豇豆快速前处理方法,考察了快速检测方法灵敏度、准确率和交叉反应等指标。结果表明:本研究建立的豇豆中农药残留的免疫快速检测方法检出限为克百威0.02 mg/kg、三唑磷0.05 mg/kg、毒死蜱0.25 mg/kg、啶虫脒0.025 mg/kg、异菌脲0.5 mg/kg、吡唑醚菌酯1.0 mg/kg、多菌灵0.5mg/kg、腐霉利0.1 mg/kg、灭蝇胺0.25 mg/kg和甲氰菊酯0.5 mg/kg,其灵敏度符合GB 2763—2021《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》要求。前处理时间5 min,免疫层析试纸检测时间10 min,即15 min完成豇豆样品中农药残留检测,并具备成本低、操作方便等优点。豇豆中10种农药标准溶液的独立添加样品快速检测结果显示,假阳性率为0,假阴性率≤11.1%,准确率≥94.4%。将方法应用于浙江省多地采集的豇豆样品检测,结果表明,免疫检测结果与仪器参比方法一致,准确率达到97.2%以上。在农产品安全领域,本方法可为现场农药残留的快速检测提供技术支持,方法实用性强、灵敏度高、省时省力,适用于豇豆中常用的10种农药残留的现场快速检测。

An immunoassay method for rapid detection of 10 pesticides,including carbofuran,triazophos,chlorpyrifos,acetamiprid,iprodione,pyraclostrobin,carbendazim,procymidone,cyromazine and fenpropathrin,was established in cowpea,and it was applied to the on-site rapid screening of pesticide residues in cowpea samples.According to the principle of immunechromatography,the gold immune-strips were prepared using pesticide antigens and antibodies.The concentration of antigens,pH value and labeling amount of gold labeled antibodies for the test-strips of the 10 pesticides,and the sample preparation method for cowpea samples were optimized.The sensitivity,accuracy,and cross reaction of the fast detection method were investigated.The detection limits of the established rapid immunoassay method for pesticides in cowpea were 0.02 mg/kg for carbofuran,0.05 mg/kg for triazophos,0.25 mg/kg for chlorpyrifos,0.025 mg/kg for acetamiprid,0.5 mg/kg for i prodione,1.0 mg/kg for pyraclostrobin,0.5 mg/kg for carbendazim,0.1 mg/kg for procymidone,0.25 mg/kg for cyromazine,and 0.5 mg/kg for fenpropathrin.Its sensitivity meets the requirements of the National Food Safety Standard-Maximum Residue Limits for Pesticides in Food(GB 2763—2021)in China.The sample preparation takes 5 min and the immune-strip detection takes 10 min,which means it only takes 15 min to complete the pesticide residue detection in cowpea samples.The method also has the advantages of low cost and easy operation.The rapid detection results of 10 independently spiked samples of cowpea showed a false positive rate of 0,a false negative rate of≤11.1%,and an accuracy rate of≥94.4%.The method was applied to the detection of cowpea samples collected from multiple locations in Zhejiang Province,and it showed that the results of the immunoassay rapid detection method were consistent with those of the reference instrumental method,with an accuracy rate of over 97.2%.In the safety monitoring of agricultural products,this method provides technical support for the on-site rapid detection of pesticide residues.The method has good practicability and high sensitivity,and it is time-saving and labor-saving,and is suitable for the on-site rapid detection of 10 commonly used pesticides in cowpea.