青海都兰县哈日赛墓地2019年发掘简报

Brief Report on the 2019 Excavation of the Harisai Cemetery in Dulan County,Qinghai

2019年在哈日赛墓地清理7座公元7世纪中叶至9世纪末的墓葬,以“甲”字形竖穴土坑墓为主,部分有殉牲坑。保存完整的棺木均呈梯形,仰身直肢葬,有裹头、毁器等习俗;所见彩绘棺、风帽等具鲜明特色。墓地包含有汉、羌、鲜卑(吐谷浑)、吐蕃等多种文化因素,反映了该地区长期的民族融合及密切的人群交流互动关系。

In 2019,a total of seven tombs,dating from approximately the mid-7th century to the late 9th century AD,were excavated at the Harisai cemetery in Dulan County,Qinghai.Pit tombs with long,sloping passageways on one side represent the prevalent burial form.Pits with sacrificed animals were also found in some cases.No mounds were observed on the ground surface.Traces of burn of ferings,erected stones,or stone piles were also found on top and in the vicinity of these tombs.The well preserved wooden coffins were all trapezoidal in shape,and the deceased were buried in extended supine position.Some tombs indicate special customs such as head wrapping and object destruction.Such distinctive objects as painted coffins and wind caps are crucial for confirming the ethnic identity and associated cultural attributes of the tomb occupants.The cemetery displays a wide variety of cultures characteristics,including those of the Han,Qiang,Xianbei(Tuyuhun),and Tubo,reflecting long-term ethnic integration and close interactions among dif ferent populations in the region.