生物学修复原理在重度牙槽嵴吸收的牙列缺失患者中的应用

Biological restoration of edentulous jaw in patients with severe alveolar ridge resorption

目的:探讨生物学修复原理在重度牙槽嵴吸收的牙列缺失患者中的应用,并与传统全口义齿修复效果进行对比研究。方法:选取2020年6月~2023年1月在弋矶山医院口腔科行全口义齿修复的重度牙槽嵴吸收的牙列缺失患者44例,研究组22例运用生物学原理修复,对照组22例运用传统全口义齿原理修复,采用口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14)评估患者戴用义齿修复前后及戴入1个月的修复效果。结果:研究组患者治疗后和治疗后1个月OHIP-14各指标(“出现过明显疼痛”指标除外)评分均低于治疗前(P<0.05);对照组患者治疗后1个月“味觉变差”和“容易对其他人发脾气”评分均低于治疗前(P<0.05),其他指标治疗后和治疗后1个月均低于治疗前(P<0.05)。研究组治疗后和治疗后1个月OHIP-14各指标(“出现过明显疼痛”指标除外)评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者在咀嚼功能、舒适程度、稳定性、外观和发音功能等方面总体满意度93.63%,对照组患者总体满意度77.27%。结论:运用生物学修复原理可显著提高重度牙槽嵴吸收的牙列缺失患者修复后咀嚼功能、舒适度、全口义齿的稳定性,切实提高修复效果,提升患者满意度。

Objective:To explore the application of biological restoration principle in the patients of edentulous jaw with severe alveolar ridge resorption,and compare the effect of this restoration with conventional complete prosthodontics.Methods:Forty-four patients of edentulous jaw with severe alveolar ridge resorption undergone full denture restoration in our department were included between June 1,2020 and January 31,2023,and divided into observational group(n=22,treated by biological restoration)and control group(n=22,treated by conventional complete prosthodontics).Oral Health Impact Profile(OHIP-14)scale was used to evaluate the restoration effect and quality of life before and after restoration as well as one month following installation of complete denture.Results:The OHIP-14 scores in the observational group were significantly lower after treatment and one month following restoration than those before treatment(P<0.05).The scores of“Bad taste”and“Easy to lose temper with others”in OHIP-14 in the control group were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05),and other indexes after treatment and one month after restoration were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).Patients in the observational group had lower OHIP-14 scores on each index than those of the control group following treatment and one month after restoration except for the experience of“obvious pain”(P<0.05).The overall satisfaction with masticatory function,comfort,stability,appearance and phonation was 93.63%in the observational group and 77.27%in the control group.Conclusion:Biological restoration of the dentition loss in patients with severe alveolar ridge resorption can greatly improve the masticatory function,comfort and stability of complete denture as well as improve the effect of prosthodontics and the patient′s satisfaction.