辽金燕京孙氏两方残石考释

Two Residual Stones of the Sun Family in Yanjing in the Liao and Jin Dynasties

《北京图书馆藏中国历代石刻拓本汇编》所收录的《孙氏先茔残幢》和《孙公神道残碑》两篇残石拓片,对于研究辽金时期的燕京孙氏家族具有很高的史料价值。《孙氏先茔残幢》实非金代文物,而应刊刻于元代,其完整内容至少应包括孙用康科考答卷、《孙即康曾祖孙克构追赠资政大夫诰》《孙即康授兖州节使制》《孙即康坟祭文》《孙克构墓志铭》《孙公神道残碑》等多篇文字。其中孙用康的科考答卷《仁为道远行莫能致赋》,是目前所见金代唯一一份科考答卷。《孙公神道残碑》的墓主或即《孙氏先茔幢》中提及的孙良裔,此碑对于研究辽代世家大族联姻、辽金官制均有一定的史料价值。

Two rubbings of the residue of Sun's ancestral tomb stele and residue of Sun's tomb stone,which are included in Beijing Library Collection of Rubbings of Ancient Chinese Stone Carvings,are of great historical value for the study of the Sun family in Yanjing during the Liao and Jin dynasties.The residual stone of Sun's ancestral tomb stele was not actually a relic of the Jin dynasty,but should have been engraved in the Yuan dynasty.It consists of several pieces of writings about members of the Sun family,among which the imperial examination answer sheet of Sun Yongkang is the only extant one in the Jin dynasty.The tomb occupant of Residue of the Sun's Tomb Stone may be Sun Liangyi mentioned in Sun's Ancestral Tomb Stele,and this tomb stone is a useful reference material in the study of marriage between prominent families in the Liao dynasty and Liao-Jin official system.