“形象史学”视角下的吉林集安长川1号墓礼佛图再研究

A Re-study of the Buddha Image of Changchuan No.1 Tomb,Ji'an,Jilin from the Perspective of the “History of Image”

高句丽墓葬壁画反映了高句丽社会的诸多历史面相。以“形象史学”的视角切入,对长川1号墓中礼佛图主佛形象及莲花纹的渊源和流变予以追索,特别是借助莲花纹的类型学考察及其与其他壁画题材、墓室结构等因素的组合关系,大致还原出高句丽壁画墓的发展脉络,最终将长川1号墓的年代确定为5世纪晚期至6世纪上半叶。同时通过对壁画形象题材因素的考察,揭橥了三燕文化对高句丽佛教所产生的深刻影响,朝鲜冬寿墓、德兴里墓则发挥了至关重要的媒介作用。长川1号墓不仅为高句丽壁画墓编年提供了一个可靠的年代学坐标节点,同时进一步夯实了其在高句丽乃至东北亚古代佛教史上的殊要地位。

The murals of Koguryo tombs reflect many historical aspects of the Koguryo society.From the perspective of the “history of image”,this article trace the origin and evolution of the main Buddha image and lotus pattern in Changchuan tomb No.1.With the help of the typological investigation of lotus pattern and its combination with other mural themes and the tomb structures,this article roughly restores the chronological development context of the Koguryo mural tomb and dates Changchuan Tomb No.1 between the late 5th century and the first half of the 6th century.The investigation of the subject of the murals reveal that the Sanyan culture had a profound impact on Koguryo Buddhism and the Dongshou Tomb and Deokheungri Tomb of North Korea played a vital media role.Changchuan Tomb No.1 provides a reliable chronological coordinate node for the chronicle of Koguryo mural tombs,occupying a special position in the history of ancient Buddhism in Koguryo and even in Northeast Asia.