发达国家身份是否产生于强大的科技实力

Does the Identity as a Developed Country Derive from Its Strong Strength in Science and Technology

既有研究普遍认为发达国家具备强大科技实力,但既有研究忽视了具体发达国家的特殊性,并且对科技实力的理解存在不足。本文假设发达国家身份与强大科技实力之间不存在必然联系,以一个国家被全球性国际组织和机构认定为发达国家的频次为被解释变量,以其科技实力为核心解释变量,从科学技术的基本概念入手完善了计算方式,最终采集150个主权国家2010—2021年的数据进行线性回归分析。结果显示,无论是在单变量回归、加入控制变量、控制国家固定效应、控制年度固定效应还是控制双向固定效应的条件下,科技实力强弱对一国被认定为发达国家的频次都不产生显著影响。这体现了发达国家/发展中国家二分法作为一种国家分类方法或客观评价尺度的局限性。

Among existing studies,it's widely believed that developed countries own strong strength in science and technology.However,these studies either overlook the particularities of specific developed countries or have insufficient understanding on the scientific and technological strength.This article assumes that there's no necessary connection between the identity as a developed country and strong scientific and technological strength,in which a country's frequency of being recognized as a developed country by global international organizations is regarded as the explained variable,and its scientific and technological strength is regarded as the explanatory variable.Arithmetic on scientific and technological strength is improved according to the basic concepts of science and technology and variable data of 150 sovereign states from 2010 to 2021 were finally collected for linear regression analysis.Analysis results demonstrate that no matter under the circumstances of single variable regression,introduction of control variables and control on country fixed effect,year fixed effect or two-way fixed effect,scientific and technological strength has no significant effect on the frequency of being recognized as a developed country,which reflects the limitation of developed/developing country dichotomy as a kind of country classification approach or objective evaluation scale.