我国农村“光棍”的区域分布及其形成机制——基于村庄社会结构的分析

The Regional Differences and Formation Mechanism of Bachelors in China's Rural Areas:Analysis Based on the Village Social Structure

根据血缘结构与地缘结构匹配方式的差异,中国农村可以初步划分为南方团结型村庄、北方分裂型村庄与中部分散型村庄三种理想类型。村庄社会结构主要从婚姻的家庭支持度和村庄排斥度两个维度形塑“光棍”形成逻辑。具体而言,北方分裂型村庄父代对子代婚姻的家庭支持度最强,村庄社会对“光棍”的排斥度最强,“光棍”生成的概率最小;南方团结型村庄父代对子代婚姻的家庭支持度一般,村庄社会对“光棍”以结构性保护为主,“光棍”产生的概率次之;中部分散型村庄父代对子代婚姻的家庭支持度最弱,村庄社会对“光棍”较少排斥,“光棍”产生概率最大,“光棍”数量最多。对农村“光棍”区域差异的社会学分析建构了“光棍”研究的中层理论框架,对于“光棍”危机的社会政策干预具有重要意义。

According to the differences between consanguineous and geographical structures,China's rural society can be divided into three ideal types:the united village in the south,the divided village in the north andthe dispersed village in the middle.The social structure of the village mainly shapes the formation logic of bachelors from two dimensions:the degree of family support for marriage and the degree of village rejection.To be specific,in the northern divided villages,the parents'support for their children's marriage is the strongest,and the social rejection to bachelors is the strongest in the villages,so the probability of being bachelors is the least.In the united villages in the south,the parents'support for their children's marriage is general,and the bachelors are mainly structurally protected by village society,so the probability of being bachelors is the second.In the dispersed villages in the middle,the parents'support for the marriage of their children is the weakest,and the village society has less rejection to bachelors,so both the probability of being bachelors and the number of bachelors are the largest.The sociological analysis of the regional differences of rural bachelors constructs a middlelevel theoretical framework for the study of bachelors,which is of great significance to the social policy intervention of bachelors'crisis.