从《幼科医验》探析秦昌遇治疗小儿泄泻经验

Analysis on the experience of QIN Changyu in treating children diarrhea from Pediatric Clinic

明代名医秦昌遇认为小儿泄泻主要与外感邪气、饮食不当以及脾胃素虚有关,饮食不当为其发病的重要因素。他认为本病的发生主要由于小儿形气未充,易受外邪侵袭,脾常不足而运化能力较弱,故稍有喂养不当便会发病。治疗上主张以补脾消食为主,兼燥湿、消风、利水等法。秦昌遇重视辨准病因,已病防变,以温中补脾法来预防脱肛、慢惊、水肿等变证的发生,重在调理脾胃,补泻兼施,方简效宏,对现代小儿泄泻的临床治疗有启迪作用。

QIN Changyu,a famous doctor in Ming Dynasty,believed that diarrhea in children was mainly relat⁃ed to exogenous evil,improper diet and deficiency of spleen and stomach hormone,among which improper diet was an important factor in its pathogenesis.He thinks that the occurrence of the disease is mainly due to the children’s qi is not filled vulnerable to the invasion of external evil,“spleen is often insufficient”and transport ability is weak,so a little improper feeding will lead to the onset of disease.Treatment advocates to nourish the spleen and eliminate food,and dry dampness,wind,water and other methods.QIN Changyu paid attention to grasp accurately the cause of disease,disease prevention,with the method of warming the spleen to prevent the occurrence of rectal prolapse,slow shock,edema and other changes.He focused on regulating the spleen and stomach,combination of tonifying and reducing diarrhea,which has an enlightening effect on the clinical treatment of modern pediatric diarrhea with sim⁃ple and effective formulas.