244所幼儿园体育教师配备情况及其对儿童体质健康发展的影响

The impact of physical education teacher’s allocation in 244 kindergartens on the development of children’s physical health

目的探讨体育教师配备对幼儿园儿童体质健康发展的影响。方法通过问卷法和测试法,调查了解北京市海淀区244所幼儿园体育教师配备情况及其促进儿童运动发展的情况,并结合幼儿园儿童体质测试数据进行分析。结果北京市海定区244所幼儿园中52.46%的幼儿园配备了体育教师,其中15.98%的幼儿园配备了专职体育教师,36.48%的幼儿园配备了外聘的兼职体育教师。配备体育教师幼儿园的儿童体质测试成绩高于未配备体育教师的幼儿园,配备专职体育教师幼儿园的儿童体质测试成绩高于配备兼职体育教师的幼儿园,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。在配备兼职体育教师幼儿园中,聘请的频次越密集,幼儿园儿童体质测试成绩就越好。每周聘请1次兼职体育教师幼儿园的儿童体质测试成绩高于每月和每学期聘请1次兼职体育教师的幼儿园,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论配备体育教师能促进幼儿园儿童体质的健康发展,幼儿园配备专职幼儿体育教师及每周聘请1次兼职体育教师能起到促进儿童体质健康发展的作用。建议教育行政部门完善相关管理规范,为幼儿园配备体育教师提供依据,并进一步健全幼儿体育教育培训体系,加强现有幼教队伍的体育专业培训,多措并举地增强幼儿体育师资队伍的建设。

Objective To explore the effect of physical education(PE)teacher’s allocation on physical health development of kindergarten children.Methods Allocation of PE teachers and their promotion of children’s sports development in 244 kindergartens were investigated in Haidian District,Beijing through questionnaire survey and testing methods.Analysis was conducted based on data of questionnaire survey plus kindergarten children’s physical fitness tests.Results Among the surveyed kindergartens,52.46%kindergartens were supplied with PE teachers,of which 15.98%had full-time and 36.48%had part-time PE teachers.The physical fitness test scores of children in kindergartens supplied with PE teachers were significantly higher than those in kindergartens without,and the physical fitness test scores of children in kindergartens supplied with full-time PE teachers were significantly higher than those in kindergartens supplied with part-time PE teachers(all P<0.001).In kindergartens supplied with part-time PE teachers,the more frequent the hiring,the better the physical fitness test scores of children.The physical fitness test scores of kindergarten children who hire part-time PE teachers once a week were significantly higher than those who hire them once a month or every semester(P<0.001).Conclusion Full-time and part-time(once a week)PE teachers can significantly promote children’s physical health development.It is recommended that the education administrative department should improve relevant management norms to provide evidence for the supplement of PE teachers in kindergartens,and further improve early childhood physical education and training system,strengthen professional training of existing preschool education teams,and take multiple measures to enhance the building ofearly childhood PE teaching staff.