重组水疱性口炎病毒的改造策略及在病毒学研究中的应用进展

Modification of Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus and Its Application in Virological Research

水疱性口炎病毒(Vesicular stomatitis virus,VSV)是一种在家畜中流行,给畜牧业造成严重经济损失的病毒。然而,随着研究的深入,VSV不仅作为负链RNA病毒的代表种帮助阐明了负链RNA病毒的复制机制,并且随着通过cDNA克隆拯救VSV技术的建立,VSV成为了病毒学研究、疫苗研发及肿瘤治疗的有力工具。本文对VSV的基因组结构、增殖方式、重组VSV的构建技术以及重组VSV在基础研究和临床方面的应用进行了综述。

Vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV) causes outbreaks of disease in cattle and results in major economic losses.However,the virus was also served as model species for negative-strand RNA viruses and played a valuable role in elucidating their replication mechanisms.Since the establishment of a reverse genetics system for rescuing infectious VSV from cDNA clones,modification of the VSV genome was feasible.Thus,modified VSV has become a powerful tool in the area of virology,vaccine,and cancer therapy.In this review,we summarized the genome structure,replication cycle and reverse genetic of VSV,and also described its applications in virology.