基于ISSR分子标记的华北蓝盆花遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Scabiosa tschiliensis Grun.Based on ISSR Molecular Markers

本研究利用ISSR分子标记技术和NTSYSpc2.10e软件、PopGen32软件对华北蓝盆花自然居群进行遗传多样性和亲缘关系初步研究,研究结果显示:64份样本用8条引物共扩增出119条谱带,平均每条ISSR引物扩增出14.9条,种群水平的多态条带百分率(PPB)为56.30%~73.11%(均值为63.55%)。8个华北蓝盆花居群的观察等位基因(Na)均值为1.635 5,有效等位基因数(Ne)均值为1.376 3,Shannon信息指数(I)均值为0.329 7,Nei’s基因多样性指数(He)均值为0.219 8,说明8个华北蓝盆花居群的遗传多样性属中等水平;种群间的遗传分化系数(Gst)均值为0.362 7,居群内遗传分化大于居群间遗传分化。基因流Nm均值为0.8784,居群间基因交流较少;遗传距离在0.108 8~0.274 1之间,遗传一致度在0.772 6~0.896 9之间,UPGMA聚类分析8个华北蓝盆花居群分为两大类,第一大类包括陈巴尔虎旗、伊尔施、圣水梁、小井沟4个居群,第二大类包括南天门、哈达门、辉腾锡勒、霍林郭勒4个居群。本研究结果为蒙药蓝盆花的种质资源的保护和分子辅助育种提供理论参考。

In this study,ISSR molecular marker technology,NTSYSpc2.10e software and PopGen32 software were used to carry out a preliminary study on the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of the natural population of Scabiosa tschiliensis Grun..The results showed that:A total of 119 bands were amplified from 64 samples using 8 primers,with an average of 14.9 bands amplified from each ISSR primer.The percentage of polymorphic b ands(PPB) at population level ranged from 56.30% to 73.11%(average 63.55%).The mean of observed al-lele(Na),effective allele number(Ne),Shannon information index(I) and Nei's gene diversity index(He) were1.635 5,1.376 3,0.329 7 and 0.219 8 respectively.The results indicated that the genetic diversity of the 8 populations belonged to the medium level.The average coefficient of genetic differentiation(Gst) among populations was 0.362 7,and the intra-population genetic differentiation was greater than inter-population genetic differentiation.The average Nm value of gene flow was 0.878 4,and there was little gene exchange among populations.The genetic distance ranged from 0.108 8 to 0.274 1,and the genetic consistency ranged from 0.772 6 to 0.896 9.UPGMA cluster analysis showed that the 8 populations were divided into 2 groups.The first group consisted of Hocin barag banner,Irbis,Shengshuiliang and Xiaojinggou.The second group includes 4 populations:Nantianmen,Hadmel,Huitenshil and Holingol.The results provide theoretical reference for the conservation of germplasm resources and molecular assisted breeding of Mongolian medicine Scabiosa tschiliensis Grun..