CO_(2)麻醉对大口黑鲈保活模拟运输效果的影响

Effects of CO_(2) Anaesthesia on Keeping Alive Largemouth Bass in the Simulated Transport

【目的】探讨CO_(2)麻醉辅助大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)保活模拟运输时的温度、CO_(2)浓度和运输时间的选择,评价大口黑鲈模拟运输过程中血清生化指标和肌肉营养成分的变化。【方法】从暂养水箱中随机取20尾大口黑鲈放置在装有15 L曝气后的实验用水的玻璃鱼缸中,采用单因素实验,以存活率为指标,确定最佳运输温度和CO_(2)浓度;在最佳水温和CO_(2)质量浓度下进行保活模拟运输,分别在保活模拟运输的0、12、24、36和48 h取水样和血样,测定水质、血清生化指标、肌肉营养成分等指标。【结果】使用CO_(2)麻醉大口黑鲈,在7℃下需要15.23 min,在14℃下需要10.33 min。麻醉后在7℃水温中复苏时间为10.20 min,14℃时为3.53 min。经过单因素实验,确定最佳运输温度为15℃,最佳CO_(2)麻醉浓度为4.8、6.8 g/L,此条件下相较于只通入O_(2)的保活模拟运输,大口黑鲈存活率更好,肌肉营养更佳,且在模拟运输36 h时存活率为100%。模拟运输36 h时,血清中皮质醇、葡萄糖含量,乳酸脱氢酶活性均显著高于运输前(P<0.05);谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性,尿素氮、肌酐含量均显著低于运输前(P<0.05);肌肉中乳酸含量显著高于运输前(P<0.05),糖原和蛋白质含量均显著低于运输前(P<0.05)。对照组血清中谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性,尿素氮、肌酐含量显著高于CO_(2)处理组(P<0.05),说明CO_(2)麻醉可以减轻运输中应激造成的肝肾损伤。【结论】在运输温度为15℃,6.8 g/LCO_(2)条件下麻醉大口黑鲈进行保活模拟运输,应控制运输时间在36 h内。

【Objective】The aim of this study is to investigate the selection of temperature,CO_(2) concentration and transport time during CO_(2)-assisted simulated transport for keeping alive largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides),and to evaluate the changes of blood biochemical indexes and muscle nutrients of largemouth bass during simulated transport.【Method】Twenty largemouth bass were randomly taken from the transient tank and placed in a glass aquarium containing 15 L of aerated experimental water.A one-way experiment was conducted to determine the optimal transport temperature and CO_(2) concentration using the survival rate as an indicator.The water and blood samples were taken at 0,12,24,36 and 48 h of the simulated transportation to determine the water quality,blood biochemical indexes and muscle nutrient composition.【Result】Largemouth bass were anesthetized by CO_(2) for 15.23 min at 7℃and 10.33 min at 14℃,and resuscitation after anesthesia took 10.20 min at 7℃and 3.53 min at 14℃.After the one-way experiment,the optimal transport temperature was determined to be 15℃,and the optimal CO_(2) anesthesia concentration was 4.8 and 6.8 g/L.Under these conditions,the survival rate of largemouth bass was better than that of the simulated transport with O_(2) only,which resulted in better muscle nutrition,and the survival rate of largemouth bass was 100%at 36 h of simulated transport.At 36 h of simulated transport,serum cortisol and glucose levels,and lactate sehydrogenase activity were significantly higher(P<0.05)than before transport.Aspartate aminotransferase activity,alanine amiotransferase activity,blood urea nitrogen and creatinine content were significantly lower than that before transportation(P<0.05).Lactic acid content in muscle was significantly higher than that before transportation(P<0.05),and glycogen and protein content were significantly lower than that before transportation(P<0.05).In the control group,the serum content of aspartate aminotransferase activity,alanine amiotransferase activity,blood urea nitrogen and creatinine content was significantly higher than that of the CO_(2)-treated group(P<0.05),which indicated that CO_(2) anesthesia could alleviate the hepatic and renal injuries caused by the stress in transportation.【Conclusion】When CO_(2) anesthetized largemouth bass are transported,the transport time should be within 36 h.