大理烟区西花蓟马种群动态变化及蓝板诱集效率分析

Population Dynamics and Blue Board Trapping Efficiency of Frankliniella occidentalis in the Tobacco-Growing Area in Dali

西化蓟马是烟草番茄斑萎病毒传播的主要媒介,研究采用分子生物学的检测方法于2022年5—6月从烤烟不同生育时期西花蓟马种群数量、健康烟株与感病烟株西花蓟马数量的差异以及蓝板悬挂高度对西花蓟马的诱集效果3个方面分析了大理烟区西花蓟马的种群数量动态变化。结果表明:在2022年5—6月采集的10批次蓝板上均检测到了西花蓟马的存在,且西花蓟马种群数量呈先增加后下降的趋势,5月诱集到西花蓟马检出率较高(16.75%),表明西花蓟马在5月的危害较严重,可在5月上旬加强对其成虫的防治;健康烟株蓝板上的西花蓟马检测率极显著低于感病烟株,由此推测西花蓟马的数量与番茄斑萎病的发生流行可能存在一定的相关性,因此认为防控西花蓟马种群数量是减轻烟田病毒病发生的一种有效举措;在烟株生长过程中,应该根据烟草的生长状况适时调节蓝板的悬挂高度,在生长发育前期可以采取与烟株顶端齐平的悬挂高度,5月下旬以后可以采取85 cm的悬挂高度,以达到更好的诱集效果。

Molecular biological methods were employed to study the population dynamics of Frankliniella occidentalis,a primary carrier of tomato spotted wilt virus(TSWV),in the tobacco-growing area in Dali from May to June in 2022.Specifically,the population number at different growth stages of tobacco,the population number difference of F.occidentalis between healthy and infected tobacco plants,and the trapping efficiency of blue boards hung at different heights were determined.The results showed that F.occidentalis was detected on each blue board,with the population number first growing and then declining during the study period.The detection rate of F.occidentalis was high(16.75%)in May,which indicated severe damage in this month,and thus measures should be taken for the prevention and control of the adults in early May.The detection rate of F.occidentalis in healthy tobacco plants was much lower than that in infected tobacco plants,which implied that the number of F.occidentalis was associated with the occurrence of TSWV.Therefore,controlling the number of F.occidentalis may be an effective measure for the prevention of TSWV.During the growth period of tobacco,the height of blue board should be adjusted according to tobacco growth conditions.Specifically,the blue board can be hung at the top of tobacco plant at the early growth stage and at a height of 85 cm after late May to achieve a satisfactory trapping effect.