醴陵市耕地质量等级评价与特征分析

The Grade Evaluation and Characteristic Analysis of Cultivated Land Quality in Liling City

开展2021年醴陵市耕地质量等级调查评价工作,对不同等级耕地质量特征进行分析,并提出相应关于耕地质量提升的对策建议。研究结果显示,就耕地质量等级评价而言,2021年醴陵市耕地质量加权等级为4.86级,较2020年略有提升:耕地总面积为42639 hm^(2),其中,高产耕地占比为18.32%,主要分布在李畋镇、白兔潭镇、明月镇、枫林镇;中产耕地占比为69.78%,主要分布在船湾镇、茶山镇、石亭镇、均楚镇、明月镇、左权镇;低产耕地占比为11.90%,主要分布在均楚镇、茶山镇、左权镇。就耕地质量特征分析而言,2021年醴陵市耕地土壤处于偏酸水平,有机质含量处于较高水平,有效磷和速效钾处于中低水平,但高、中、低产耕地土壤的理化性质指标数据差异显著;高产耕地土壤质地以壤质为主,中、低产耕地土壤质地以黏土、重壤为主;大部分耕地分布在丘陵下部和中部,立地条件较好;耕地的灌溉和排水能力级别多为“满足”,基础设施比较完善。在此基础上,针对高、中、低产耕地的不同情况提出相应的耕地质量提升建议。

This study carried out the investigation and evaluation of the cultivated land quality grade in Liling City in 2021,analyzed quality characteristics of different grades of cultivated land,and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the improvement of cultivated land quality.The results showed that in terms of cultivated land quality grade evaluation,the weighted grade of cultivated land quality in Liling City in 2021 was 4.86,slightly higher than that in 2020.The total area of cultivated land was 42639 hm^(2),of which 18.32%was high-yield cultivated land,mainly distributed in Litian Town,Baitutan Town,Mingyue Town and Fenglin Town;69.78%was middle-yield cultivated land,mainly distributed in Chuanwan Town,Chashan Town,Shiting Town,Junchu Town,Mingyue Town,Zuoquan Town;11.90%was low-yield cultivated land,mainly distributed in Junchu Town,Chashan Town and Zuoquan Town.In terms of cultivated land quality characteristic analysis,the cultivated land soil in Liling City in 2021 was at a slightly acidic level,the content of organic matter was at a high level,the available phosphorus and available potassium were at medium and low levels,but physical and chemical properties of high-,medium-and low-yield cultivated land soil were significantly different.The soil texture of high-yield cultivated land was mainly loam,while that of medium-and low-yield cultivated land was mainly clay and heavy soil.Most of the cultivated land was distributed in the lower and middle part of the hills,and the site condition was relatively good.The levels of the irrigation and drainage capacity of cultivated land were mostly"satisfied",and the infrastructure was relatively perfect.Hence,corresponding suggestions for improving the quality of cultivated land were put forward according to different conditions of high-,medium-and low-yield cultivated land.