家庭居住区位对青少年学业成绩影响的实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Family Residential Location on Adolescent Academic Performance

基于中国教育追踪调查(China Education Panel Survey, CEPS)2013—2014学年数据的分析,探讨家庭居住区位对青少年学业成绩的影响及作用机制。研究表明,家庭居住区位对青少年学业成绩有显著正向作用,即中心城区的家庭居住区位显著促进青少年学业成绩,这一结论具有稳健性。异质性分析结果表明,家庭居住区位对本地非流动青少年的学业成绩较为敏感;较之数学成绩,家庭居住区位更易促进语文与英语学科的成绩;家庭居住区位对非独生青少年的学业成绩更具有显著正向的作用,且对同胞结构“排行中间”的青少年学业成绩的影响尤为突出;同时,家庭居住区位主要通过社区环境与邻里人口影响青少年的学业成绩。研究结论为厘清家庭居住区位和青少年学业成绩之间的关系提供了依据,从社区效应视角为均衡教育资源分配、促进共同富裕提供了新思路。未来应该更关注社区效应,促进实现教育平衡充分发展与共同富裕。

Based on the data of the China Education Panel Survey(CEPS)2013-2014,this paper aims to explore the relationship between family residence location and adolescents'academic achievement and its mechanism.Research results:The location of family residence has a significant positive effect on teenagers'academic achievement.That is,the family location in the central urban area significantly promotes the academic performance of teenagers.This conclusion is robust.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the location of family residence is more sensitive to the academic performance of local non-mobile adolescents.Compared with math scores,home location is more likely to promote achievement in Chinese and English subjects.The location of family residence has a significant positive effect on the academic performance of non-singleton adolescents.Moreover,the influence on the academic performance of teenagers in the middle of the sibling structure is particularly prominent.At the same time,the community environment and neighborhood population are the mechanism of the effect of residential location on teenagers'academic achievement.The conclusion of this study provides a basis for clarifying the relationship between family location and teenagers'academic achievement.From the perspective of community effect,it provides a new way to balance the distribution of educational resources and promote common prosperity.In the future,more attention should be paid to the community effect to promote the balanced and full development of education and common prosperity.