大坝深孔泄水建筑物淤堵物清理技术探讨

Discussion on clogging cleaning technology for deep-hole discharge structures of dams

深孔泄水建筑物是大坝重要组成结构,发生淤堵会导致闸门启闭困难,严重影响大坝安全运行。总结了淤堵闸门启门力计算模型、淤堵物水下探测及清理技术现状,梳理了深孔淤堵物清理的技术难点,提出水下环境重构、闸门启门力计算、深孔清淤装备等方面的对策,同时指出未来还需进一步研究水下环境高精度重构技术、构建闸门启门力数值模型、研发多类型淤堵物一体化清理机器人等,以期提升大坝应对灾害的能力。

The deep-hole discharge structure is a crucial component of dams,and clogging can lead to difficulties in gate opening and closing,significantly impacting the safe operation of the dam.This paper summarizes the current state of models for calculating gate opening force in clogged conditions,underwater detection,and cleaning technologies for clogging.It identifies the technical challenges in clearing clogs in deep holes and proposes strategies for underwater environment reconstruction,gate opening force calculation,and equipment for deep-hole dredging.The paper also suggests the need for further research in high-precision underwater environment reconstruction,developing numerical models for gate opening force,and creating integrated cleaning robots for various types of cloggings.These efforts aim to enhance the dam’s ability to respond to disasters.