森林生态系统主要水文过程研究进展

Research Progress on Main Hydrological Processes in Forest Ecosystems

森林蒸散、土壤水分运移和土壤含水量动态变化等主要水文过程是森林生态系统水文循环的重要组成部分,对评价森林生态系统耗水、水土保持和水源涵养能力等有重要意义。笔者总结目前森林生态系统主要水文过程的研究进展,主要包括森林蒸散过程(林冠截留、林分蒸腾和林下蒸散)、土壤水分运移过程(土壤入渗、产流)和土壤含水量动态3个方面,同时对今后森林水文过程研究提出建议。

The main hydrological processes in forest ecosystems,including forest evapotranspiration,soil water movement,and dynamic changes in soil moisture,are important components of the hydrological cycle in forest ecosystems.They play a significant role in evaluating water consumption,soil and water conservation,and water conservation capacity of forest ecosystems.This paper summarizes the research progress on the main hydrological processes in forest ecosystems,mainly including forest evapotranspiration processes(canopy interception,transpiration of the forest stand,and understory evaporation),soil water movement processes(soil infiltration,runoff),and dynamic changes in soil moisture.It also provides prospects for future research on forest hydrological processes.