广西居民膳食模式与现患和新检出高血压关系研究

Study on the relationship between dietary patterns and current and newly detected hypertension among residents in Guangxi

目的探讨广西居民膳食模式与现患和新检出高血压的关系。方法利用2010—2012年“中国居民营养健康监测”和2015—2017年“中国成人慢性病与营养监测”中的广西调查数据,以18~80岁人群为研究对象,利用问卷调查、膳食调查、血压测量资料,通过主成分因子建立膳食模式,因子得分按四分位数(Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4)分等级,应用多分类Logistic回归分析两次调查膳食模式与现患和新检出高血压的关系。结果2010—2012年和2015—2017年无高血压组、现患高血压组和新检出高血压组膳食模式分布差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=23.035,P<0.01;χ^(2)=16.297,P<0.05)。多分类Logistic回归分析发现,在控制性别、年龄、城乡、文化程度、民族后,以每种膳食模式Q1为参照,2010—2012年高蛋白膳食模式、高视黄醇膳食模式与现患高血压患病相关(Q4:OR=1.633,95%CI:1.022~2.609;Q4:OR=0.552,95%CI:0.328~0.929);高碳水化合物膳食模式、高脂肪钠膳食模式与新检出高血压患病相关(Q3:OR=0.594,95%CI:0.370~0.955;Q4:OR=1.896,95%CI:1.162~3.092)。2015—2017年蔬菜水果膳食模式与新检出高血压患病相关(Q4:OR=0.698,95%CI:0.489~0.996)。结论现患和新检出高血压与膳食模式有关,须根据高血压的患病情况有针对地进行膳食干预。

Objective T To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and current and newly detected hypertension among residents in Guangxi.Methods Based on the survey data from Guangxi in the"Nutrition and Health Mo nitoring of Chinese Residents"from 2010 to 2012 and the"Chronic Diseases and Nutrition Monitoring of Chinese Adults"from 2015 to 2017,The subjects were 18 to 80 years old,Using data from questionnaires,dietary surveys,and blood pressure measurements,a dietary pattern was established using principal component factors analysis,with factor scores graded by quartile(Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4).Multiple classification logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between dietary patterns and current and newly detected hypertension in the two surveys.Results The distribution of dietary patterns in the non hypertension group,the current hypertension group,and the newly detected hypertension group from 2010 to 2012 and from 2015 to 2017 was statistically significant(χ^(2)=23.035,P<0.01;X=16.297,P<0.05).Multi category logistic regression analysis found that after controlling gender,age,urban and rural areas,education level and nationality,using each dietary pattern Q1 as a reference,From 2010 to 2012,the high-protein diet model and high-retinol diet model were associated with the prevalence of hypertension(Q4:OR=1.633,95%CI:1.022-2.609;Q4:OR=0.552,95%CI:0.328-0.929).The high-carbohydrate diet pattern and high-fat sodium diet pattern were associated with newly detected hypertension(Q3:0R=0.594,95%CI:0.370-0.955;Q4:OR=1.896,95%CI:1.162-3.092).In 2015-2017,the vegetable and fruit diet pattern was associated with newly detected hypertension(Q4:OR=0.698,95%CI:0.489-0.996).Conclusion Current and newly detected hypertension is related to dietary pattern,and dietary intervention should be targeted according to the prevalence of hypertension.