广西南宁市某农村地区老年人群艾滋病知晓和HIV检测情况及其影响因素

AIDS awareness and HIV testing of elderly population in a rural area of Nanning City and their influencing factors

目的了解广西壮族自治区南宁市某农村地区老年人群艾滋病知晓和艾滋病病毒(Human Immunodeficiency Virus,HIV)检测情况及其相关影响因素。方法于2021年3—12月采用系统随机抽样法抽取南宁市某农村地区50岁及以上老年人进行问卷调查,使用Logistic回归模型分析艾滋病知晓和HIV检测情况的影响因素。结果本研究共调查1564人,平均年龄(68.47±9.279)岁,男女比例为1.00∶1.23,艾滋病知识知晓率为50.2%。多因素分析结果显示,以年龄50~<69岁组作为参照,60~<70岁组(OR=3.842,95%CI:2.575~5.733)、70~<80岁组(OR=4.899,95%CI:3.195~7.51)、80~<90岁组(OR=7.717,95%CI:4.544~13.106)、≥90岁组(OR=9.262,95%CI:1.721~49.858)老年人群艾滋病知识知晓率较低;以男性为参照,女性(OR=1.406,95%CI:1.109~1.784)老年人群艾滋病知识知晓率较低;老年人群生活费来源为退休工资(OR=0.348,95%CI:0.258~0.471)、以前积蓄(OR=0.486,95%CI:0.356~0.663)的艾滋病知识知晓率高于生活费来源为子女给。调查对象曾经接受过HIV检测率为14.5%。相较于汉族,其他民族(OR=0.075,95%CI:0.009~0.602)老年人群过去曾经进行HIV检测的可能性更高;老年人群生活费来源为退休工资(OR=2.291,95%CI:1.440~3.646)或以前积蓄(OR=1.576,95%CI:1.018~2.44)、性伴侣/配偶未检过(OR=14.921,95%CI:7.616~29.234)或不知道是否检测(OR=7.582,95%CI:3.742~15.363)的过去曾经进行HIV检测的可能性分别低于生活费来源为子女给、性伴侣或配偶过去检测。结论南宁市农村地区老年人群艾滋病知晓率和曾经接受HIV检测率较低,需要加强老年人群艾滋病知识的宣传教育,促进HIV检测,提高早诊断率,减少艾滋病的二代传播。

Objective This study aims to investigate the awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge and the uptake of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)testing among elderly people in rural areas of Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods A survey was conducted between March and December of 2021 to recruit participants aged 50 and above in a rural region of Nanning,using systematic random sampling method.Logistic regression model was employed to identify the associated factors for HIV/AIDS awareness and uptake of HIV testing.Results A total of 1564 participants were included,with an average age of(68.47±9.279)years.The male-to-female ratio was approximately 1.00:1.23,and the awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge was 50.2%.The multivariate analysis showed that the older age groups were less likely to be awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge[aged 60 to 69(OR=3.842,95%CI:2.575-5.733),aged 70 to 79(OR=4.899,95%CI:3.195-7.51),aged 80 to 89(OR=7.717,95%Cl:4.544-13.106),aged≥90(OR=9.262,95%CI:1.721-49.858)years].Additionally,the female elderly(0R=1.406,95%CI:1.109-1.784)were less likely to be aware HIV/AIDS knowledge.Elderly people whose living expenses are derived from retirement salary(OR=0.348,95%CI:0.258-0.471)and previous savings(OR=0.486,95%CI:0.356-0.663)were more likely to be aware HIV/AIDS knowledge.The rate of participants who had been tested for HIV was 14.5%.Other ethnic(OR=0.075,95%CI:0.0109-0.602)were more likely to be tested for HIV.Elderly people whose income were mainly from retirement salary(OR=2.291,95%CI:1.440-3.646)or previous savings(OR=1.576,95%CI:1.018-2.44)were less likely to be tested for HIV.In addition,participants whose sexual partners/spouses did not take HIV testing(OR=14.921,95%CI:7.616-29.234)or did not know whether they had been tested for HIV(OR=7.582,95%CI:3.742-15.363)were less likely to be tested for HIV.Conclusion The awareness of HIV/AIDS among elderly populations in rural areas of Nanning is relatively low,as well as the uptake of HIV testing.It is necessary to enhance the dissemination of AIDS knowledge among the elderly through informative education,and to promote HIV testing,to increase early diagnosis,and reduce second-generation transmission of HIV.