安宁疗护教学对共情能力培养的质性研究

Qualitative Study on the Cultivation of Empathy Skills through Palliative Care Education

探讨安宁疗护课程对医护本科生共情能力的培养。采用描述性质性研究方法,对杭州市某高校21名选修安宁疗护课程的医护本科生进行小组或个人访谈,运用Colaizzi七步分析法对资料进行整理分析。共提取出四个主题:对共情内涵的多样化认知、共情的多维度提升、自我意识提升有助于共情培养、共情困难与培养建议。医护本科生的共情能力有所提高但仍有改进的空间,需结合共情的多维度特点,进一步优化多样化的教学方式,注重实践与反思,提升自我意识和各维度共情能力。

To explore the development of empathy in palliative care courses for undergraduate medical and nursing students,a descriptive qualitative research method was used to conduct group or individual interviews with 21 medical and nursing undergraduate students who took palliative care course at a university in Hangzhou,and the data was compiled and analyzed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method.A total of four themes were extracted:diverse perceptions of the meaning of empathy,multidimensional enhancement of empathy,self-awareness enhancement to contribute to empathy development,and empathy difficulties and suggestions for cultivation.While the empathy skills of medical and nursing students showed improvement,there is still room for improvement.It is necessary to combine the multidimensional characteristics of empathy,further optimize diversified teaching methods,focus on practice and reflection,and enhance self-awareness and empathic skills,in all dimensions.