聚丙烯纤维基复合气凝胶的制备及其在吸油领域的应用

Preparation of Polypropylene Fiber-Based Composite Aerogel and Its Application in Oil Absorption Field

为开发具有高吸油率的吸油材料,以聚丙烯纤维、聚乙烯醇和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTEOS)为原料,通过冷冻干燥和气相化学沉积方法(CVD)制备了具有疏水性的聚丙烯纤维基复合气凝胶吸油材料,并对复合气凝胶的密度、孔隙率、形貌结构、接触角及原油的吸附量进行测试。结果表明:制备的复合气凝胶具有低密度(0.004~0.019 g/cm^(3))和高孔隙度(98.10%~99.55%)的特点。复合气凝胶呈现连续分布的三维网络结构,表现出良好的疏水亲油性,与水接触角最高可达136.1°,最佳吸油量达到86.2 g/g。聚丙烯纤维基气凝胶是一种具有潜力的高效吸油材料,为解决原油泄漏提供新思路。

In order to develop oil absorbing materials with high oil absorption rate,hydrophobic polypropylene fiberbased composite aerogel oil absorbing materials were prepared by freezing-drying and chemical vapor deposition(CVD)using polypropylene fiber,polyvinyl alcohol and methyltriethoxysilane(MTEOS) as raw materials.The density,porosity,morphology,contact angle and adsorption capacity of crude oil of the composite aerogels were tested.The results show that the prepared composite aerogel has the characteristics of low density(0.004~0.019 g/cm^(3)) and high porosity(98.10%~99.55%).The composite aerogel shows a continuous distribution of three-dimensional network structure,showing good hydrophobicity and lipophilicity.The contact angle with water is up to 136.1°,and the optimal oil absorption is 86.2 g/g.Polypropylene fiber-based aerogel is a potential high-efficiency oil-absorbing material,which provides a new idea for solving crude oil leakage.