电线电缆用聚氯乙烯复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能研究

Study on Flame Retardancy and Mechanical Properties of PVC Composites for Wires and Cables

为提高电线电缆用聚氯乙烯(PVC)的阻燃性能,向PVC中加入硼酸锌(ZB)制备了PVC复合材料,并研究其阻燃性能和力学性能。力学性能测试表明:随着ZB掺量的增加,PVC复合材料的拉伸性能逐渐降低,但是ZB掺量不超过6%时,PVC复合材料的拉伸性能降低幅度不大,仍满足相关标准要求。阻燃性能测试表明:随着ZB掺量的增加,PVC复合材料的阻燃性能不断提高。当ZB掺量为6%时,PVC复合材料(4#)的综合性能优异,与未加ZB相比,4#试样的阻燃性能提高明显,氧指数达到40.1%,垂直燃烧等级达到FV-0级,烟密度降为72,HCl释放量降为41 mg/g,热释放速率峰值(PHRR)降低17.4%,总热释放量(THR)降低36.5%,600 s内的总产烟量(TSP600 s)降低69.7%;复合材料的拉伸强度下降10.8%,断裂伸长率下降12.7%。

In order to improve the flame retardancy of polyvinyl chloride(PVC) used for wires and cables,zinc borate(ZB) was added to PVC to prepare PVC composites,and its flame retardancy and mechanical properties were studied.The mechanical properties test showed that with the increase of ZB content,the tensile properties of PVC composites decrease dgradually.However,when the ZB content was less than 6%,the tensile properties of PVC composites decreased slightly,which still met the requirements of relevant standards.The flame retardant test showed that the flame retardant of PVC composites increased with the increase of ZB content.When the content of ZB was 6%,the comprehensive properties of PVC composite(4#) were excellent.Compared with the composite without ZB,the flame retardancy of the 4# sample was significantly improved,the oxygen index reached 40.1%,the vertical combustion grade reached FV-0,the smoke density decreased to 72,the HCl release decreased to 41 mg/g,the peak heat release rate(PHRR) was decrease by 19.9%,the total heat release(THR) was decreased by 36.5%,and the total smoke production(TSP600 s) was decreased by 69.7%.The tensile strength of the composite was decreased by 10.8%,and the elongation at break was decreased by 12.7%.