实践实在论:实践范畴新建构

Practical Realism:A New Construction of Practical Category

实践实在论针对还原论自然主义和二元论等观点,主张本体存在应该是多样多层次的,生活世界及意向产物具有更高本体层次。构成关系是实践本体论的形而上工具,构成非同一具有非还原但不反对唯物主义的形而上学特征。人本质上是一种具有第一人称视角能力的存在,第一人称视角和信念归属等意向活动是实践活动的基础。常识独立于科学,同样是真理的来源,也有独特的因果机制。以上观点为建构实践本体论,深入理解实践主体、实践能动性、意识的作用和本质以及实践和真理的关系提供了新思路。

Practical positivism argues against views such as reductionist naturalism and dualism that ontological existence should be diverse and multi-layered,and that the living world and intentional products have a higher ontological level.Constitutive relation is a metaphysical tool of practical ontology,and constitutive non-identity has a non-reduction but not anti-materialist metaphysical character.Man is essentially a being with the capacity for a first-person perspective,and intentional activities such as first-person perspective and belief attribution are the basis of practical activities.Common sense,independent of science,is likewise a source of truth and has a unique causal mechanism.The above perspectives provide new ideas for constructing an ontology of practice and for gaining a deeper understanding of the practical subject,practical agency,the role and nature of consciousness,and the relationship between practice and truth.