论词曲互动与文体异化——以李玉为中心

Add to Favorite Research on Mutual Penetration Between Ci and Qu Poetry and Style's Dissimilation——Centered on Li Yu's Operas

李玉是苏州派大家,学界对其戏曲创作的研究已相当成熟,但鲜有人关注其戏曲羼入词现象。留存至今的十七种李玉戏曲,几乎皆有使用词体习惯,分布在开场、定场、人物出场等处。判别这些羼入词的属性,即自撰、改作、集句、引用,可助益辑补明清词。以词本体观,发掘羼入词的择调喜好、文学呈现及潜藏的以词为史;以曲本体观,探讨羼入词的曲论色彩、文体演进及因革的功能表现。不同文体的积极互动,可带来陌生化效果,但也不免模糊两者间的界限,这种交融导致的不利情形对羼入文体的影响更强烈,在一定程度上,文体发生了异化,明词曲化、明词中衰等现象与此颇有关联。

Li Yu is a famous author of Su Zhou school,the academic research on his opera creation has been quite mature,but few people pay attention to the phenomenon of his opera incorporating Ci into his opera.Almost all of the seventeen kinds of Li Yu's operas that have survived to this day have the habit of using Ci poetry,which is distributed in the opening,setting and characters'appearance.Distinguishing these Ci poetry's properties,that was to say,these consists of creation,modification,cento,quoting,and it was good to compile Ci poetries of the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty.From the perspective of ci noumenon,we could find many features about Ci poetries in operas including the rules choosing tune names,literary value and latent characteristic on history of Ci poetry.In opera's opinion,we discuss some traits on Ci poetries in operas including drama theory,stylistic value and functional presentations.The positive interaction of different styles could bring defamiliarization effect,at the same time,the boundary of different style may be blurred.The unfavorable situation caused by this blending has a stronger influence on the adulterated style.To a certain extent,the style has been alienated,which is quite related to the phenomenon of Ming Ci's melodization and decline in Ming Ci.