细菌代谢产物的检测进展及应用

Advancements and Applications in the Detection of Bacterial Metabolites

细菌在新陈代谢过程中会产生一系列分解和合成代谢产物,如醇类、脂类、酶、蛋白质等,这些代谢物反映了细菌的生长、发育及其与环境的相互作用。监测细菌代谢物对于细菌感染的快速床旁检测、快速测定抗生素敏感性、区分变质食品至关重要。本文综述了细菌代谢物检测的方法,包括色谱-质谱法、光谱法、电化学法,并对各种检测方法的优缺点进行了分析总结,包括其灵敏度、选择性、成本和复杂性。此外还总结了细菌代谢物检测所存在的问题,如样品制备、检测干扰的影响和检测限的提高等。最后,提出了解决这些问题的几种方案,例如结合纳通道技术以及引入纳米材料来提高细菌代谢物分析方法的灵敏度。

Bacterial metabolites,such as alcohols,lipids,enzymes,proteins,etc.,are markers of bacterial growth and interaction between them and environment.Therefore,analysis of bacterial metabolites is crucial for detecting bacterial infections,antimicrobial susceptibility testing,and identifying spoiled food.This paper explores analytical methods for detecting bacterial metabolites:chromatography-mass spectrometry,spectroscopy,and electrochemical analysis.Each method is evaluated based on its advantages and limitations,including its sensitivity,selectivity,cost,and complexity.Additionally,the challenges associated with detecting bacterial metabolites are discussed,such as sample preparation,interference from other compounds,and improving limit of detection for measuring target bacteria.Finally,several solutions are presented for addressing these challenges,such as combining with nanofluidic technology,and introducing nanoscale materials to enhance sensitivity of analytical method for bacterial metabolites.