低温等离子对模拟舰艇密闭舱室中呼吸道病毒的消杀效果

Disinfection effect of low-temperature plasma on respiratory viruses in simulated warship airtight cabins

目的验证低温等离子对模拟舰艇密闭舱室环境中呼吸道病毒的消杀效果。方法从患者痰液中获取新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2),均匀涂布于染毒片上。使用3间独立的隔离病房(每间约20 m2)模拟舰艇密闭舱室环境,病房内分别放置3组(含3个检测时间点,每组9块)染毒片,即试验组(低温等离子处理)、阳性对照组(含氯消毒剂处理)和空白对照组,平行处理后逐点采样进行SARS-CoV-2抗原和qPCR检测。结果消毒前所有染毒片表面SARS-CoV-2抗原检测均呈阳性。消毒后1、30和60min时,试验组3个样本抗原均转阴,阳性对照组分别有0、2、3个样本抗原转阴,空白对照组分别有0、0、1个样本抗原转阴。不同处理方法对病毒开放阅读框1ab(ORF1ab)和核衣壳蛋白(N)基因Ct值的影响差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01),试验组和阳性对照组病毒ORF1ab和N基因Ct值均大于空白对照组(P均<0.05)。试验组Ct值较大且表现稳定,离散度较其余两组小。结论低温等离子可有效杀灭SARS-CoV-2,其消杀的彻底性和均匀性优于含氯消毒剂,适用于舰艇舱室空气和表面消毒。

Objective To verify the disinfection effect of low-temperature plasma on respiratory viruses in simulated warship airtight cabins.Methods Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)particles were harvested from the sputum of a patient and coated on several smooth plastic pieces to simulate surface contamination.Three separate isolation wards(each about 20 m2)were used to simulate warship airtight cabins.Plastic pieces(3 detection time points,9 pieces for each group)were placed in the wards for the 3 groups,namely,experimental group(treated with low-temperature plasma),positive control group(treated with chlorine-containing disinfectants),and blank control group.Samples were taken at 3 time points and detected by SARS-CoV-2 antigen test and quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results The SARS-CoV-2 antigens on the surface of all contaminated pieces were positive before disinfection.At 1,30 and 60 min after disinfection,the antigens of 3 samples turned negative in the experimental group,0,2 and 3 samples turned negative in the positive control group,and 0,0 and 1 sample turned negative in the blank control group.The effects of different treatment methods on the Ct values of open reading frame 1ab(ORF1ab)and nucleocapsid protein(N)genes were significant(both P<0.01),and the Ct values of ORF1ab and N genes in the experimental group and positive control group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group(all P<0.05).The Ct value was high and stable in the experimental group,and the variation was smaller than the other 2 groups.Conclusion Low-temperature plasma can effectively inactivate SARS-CoV-2,and its thoroughness and uniformity are prior to chlorine-containing disinfectants.It is suitable for disinfection of the air and surface of the ship cabin.