采煤沉陷区地质环境现状及生态环境修复措施探析——以安龙县普坪采煤沉陷区综合治理为例

Exploration of the current situation of geological environment and ecological environment restoration measures in coal mining subsidence area——Comprehensive management of Puping coal mining subsidence area in Anlong county as an example

煤炭开采引起的地表沉陷造成的地质灾害、经济损失和社会问题日趋严重,对采煤沉陷区进行生态环境修复治理尤为迫切。本文以贵州安龙县普坪采煤沉陷区为研究区域,基于该采煤沉陷区矿山地质环境调查成果,针对存在的地质环境问题提出生态环境修复措施。结果认为:安龙县普坪采煤沉陷区地质环境问题主要为矿山地质灾害、地下水资源破坏和土地资源损毁。生态环境修复治理中应有针对性地采取搬迁工程措施、工业场地及废弃建筑物拆除措施、矿区残余房屋拆除措施、煤矸石堆修复工程措施、土地整治的工程措施及复绿工程措施。通过实施生态修复措施将有效改善矿区生态环境,减少和控制地质灾害发生,实现良好的环境、经济及社会效益。

The geological disasters,economic losses and social problems caused by coal mining-induced surface subsidence are becoming more and more serious,and it is particularly urgent to carry out ecological environment restoration and management of coal mining subsidence areas.This paper takes Puping coal mining subsidence area in Anlong county,Guizhou province as the study area,and proposes ecological environment restoration measures based on the results of the mining geological environment survey of this coal mining subsidence area in response to the existing geological environment problems.The results are considered:The main geological and environmental problems in the Puping coal mining subsidence area in Anlong county are mining geological disasters,destruction of groundwater resources and damage to land resources.Ecological environment restoration and management should be targeted to take relocation engineering measures,industrial sites and abandoned buildings demolition measures,mining residual house demolition measures,coal gangue pile restoration engineering measures,land remediation engineering measures and re-greening engineering measures.The implementation of ecological restoration measures will effectively improve the ecological environment of the mining area,reduce and control the occurrence of geological disasters,and realize good environmental,economic and social benefits.