领导更替时上下级关系对员工越轨行为的影响机制研究

Research on Influence Mechanism of Relationship between Superiors and Subordinates on Deviant Behavior of Employees during Leadership Transition

领导更替时上下级关系的变化是否会给员工带来一些消极影响已不容忽视。本文运用社会交换理论,从4个时间点收集领导—员工配对数据,获取了领导更替前后92个团队740名员工有效数据,探究了前/新任领导与员工关系对员工越轨行为的作用机制。结果显示:在上下级关系一致和不一致情况下,前任好—新任好和前任差—新任好时领导更替对员工心理安全感和员工越轨行为的影响均更显著;前/新任领导与员工关系一致性借助员工心理安全感影响员工越轨行为;差序氛围分别负向调节前/新任领导与员工关系一致性和员工心理安全感及员工越轨行为的关系。因此,领导更替时要选聘注重上下级关系的新任领导,提高领导处理上下级关系的水平,增加员工心理安全感,降低员工越轨行为。

It can't be ignored whether the change in the relationship between superiors and subordinates will bring some negative effects to employees during the leadership transition.Based on the social exchange theory,this paper uses the leader-employee matching data collected at four time points to obtain the effective data of 740 employees in 92 teams before and after the leadership transition,and explores the mechanism of the relationship between the former and new leaders on employees'deviant behavior.The results show that under the consistency and inconsistency between the superiors and subordinates,the leadership change of good former-leader-good new leader and bad former-leader-good new leader has a more significant impact on employee psychological security and employee deviant behavior;the consistency of the relationship between the former/new leaders and employees influences employees'deviant behavior with the help of employees'psychological safety;the chaxu atmosphere negatively moderates the relationship consistency between former/new leaders and employees,the psychological safety of employees and the deviant behaviors of employees.Therefore,in the process of leadership transition,it is necessary to select and hire new leaders who pay attention to the relationship between superiors and subordinates,improve the level of leaders to deal with the relationship between superiors and subordinates,increase employees'psychological safety,and reduce employees'deviant behaviors.