18650锂离子电池组液冷散热仿真研究

Simulation Study on Liquid Cooling and Heat Dissipation of 18650 Li-ion Battery Pack

针对动力电池组散热效果不佳的问题,以18650锂电池为研究对象,设计了一种直线形液冷管道的散热结构,利用COMSOL软件对所设计的散热结构进行温度场模拟,分析了冷却液雷诺数、冷却液初始温度、通道数量、冷却液流向对电池组散热性能的影响。可知,冷却液的初始温度与放电结束时电池组温度呈正相关;散热效果不会随着冷却液雷诺数的持续增加而提升,雷诺数增大至350时,最高温度稳定在302.3 K;通道数量和冷却液流向对散热性能有一定影响,Re=50时,三通道的电池组最高温度比一通道下降0.69 K,而温差下降了2.09 K。因此合理的优化冷却流道数量和冷却液流向会使散热更均匀。

To address the problem of poor heat dissipation in power battery packs,a linear liquid-cooled pipeline heat dissipation structure was designed for 18650 lithium batteries.The temperature field of the designed heat dissipation structure was simulated using COMSOL software,and the effects of coolant Reynolds number,initial coolant temperature,number of channels,and coolant flow direction on the heat dissipation performance of the battery pack were analyzed.It can be seen that the initial temperature of the coolant is positively correlated with the temperature of the battery pack at the end of discharge.The heat dissipation effect will not improve with the continuous increase of the Reynolds number of the coolant.When the Reynolds number increases to 350,the highest temperature stabilizes at 302.3 K.The number of channels and the direction of coolant flow have a certain impact on heat dissipation performance.When Re=50,the maximum temperature of the three channel battery pack decreases by 0.69 K compared to the one channel,while the temperature difference decreases by 2.09 K.Therefore,reasonable optimization of the number of cooling channels and the flow direction of coolant will result in more uniform heat dissipation.