交际功能视角下日语职场请求表达的话语结构分析

Discourse Structure Analysis of Japanese Workplace Request Expression from the Perspective of Communicative Function

基于交际功能视角考察了职场请求表达的话语结构特点。根据话语礼貌理论确认职场请求表达中交际功能的“基本态”,认为上级对下级的请求场面中最常用的句型是「~てくれ」;下级对上级的请求场面中,“开场白”基本使用“职务名称”;对等关系的请求场面近似于一般性请求表达,会因为地位平等、关系密切等因素,采用敬意度较低的请求表达。

This paper has investigated the characteristics of the structure of discourse of the requesting expression in workplace based on the perspective of the communicative function.The “basic state” of the communicative function in workplace request expression is identified,according to the discourse politeness theory.It shows that the most commonly used sentence pattern is 「~てくれ」 during the requesting scene from the superior to the subordinate.Comparing with the “opening remarks”of the superior to the subordinate that usually begin with the name of the other party,the scene often starts with the“position title” during the requesting scene of the subordinate to the superior.The requesting scene of the peer relationship is similar with the general requesting expression.It adopts the requesting expression with lower respect because of the equal status,close relationship and other factors.