天津市学龄前儿童家长手足口疫苗接种意愿及影响因素分析

Parents’vaccination intention of preschool children for handfoot-and-mouth disease in Tianjin and influencing factors

目的分析天津市学龄前儿童家长手足口疫苗接种意愿及影响因素。方法完全随机选取天津市10个疫苗门诊的学龄前儿童550名,发放问卷调查一般人口学资料、接种情况、疾病即疫苗认知情况、接种意愿,分析接种意愿影响因素。结果收回有效问卷520份,母亲占73.27%,父亲占20.19%,接种率为20.77%。未接种的儿童中,76.46%的家长知晓手足口病,37.85%的家长知晓疫苗,52.91%的家长愿意接种。高中及以下学历、无手足口病经历、不知晓手足口病、不知晓EV71疫苗是不愿接种的独立危险因素,P<0.05。结论该地学龄前儿童EV71疫苗接种率低,需根据家长学历、手足口病经历等加强宣传,提高家长手足口疫苗接种意愿。

Objective The paper analyzed parents'vaccination intention of preschool children for hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Tianjin and influencing factors.Methods 550 preschool children from 10 vaccine clinics in Tianjin were randomly selected,and a questionnaire survey was distributed to investigate general demographic data,vaccination status,vaccine awareness,vaccination intention to analyze the influencing factors.Results 520 valid questionnaires were collected,with mothers accounting for 73.27%and fathers accounting for 20.19%,with a vaccination rate of 20.77%.Among non vaccinated children,76.46%of parents are aware of hand-foot-andmouth disease,37.85%of parents are aware of the vaccine,and 52.91%of parents are willing to receive it.High school education or below,no experience of hand,foot,and mouth disease,knowledge of hand,foot,and mouth disease,and lack of knowledge of the EV71 vaccine are influencing factors for unwillingness to receive the vaccine,P<0.05.Conclusion Vaccination rate of EV71 vaccine for preschool children in this area is low,which is necessary to strengthen publicity based on parents'educational background,experience of hand-footand-mouth to increase their willingness.