院内静脉血栓栓塞症的防治及护理研究进展

Research progress of prevention and treatment and nursing of venous thromboembolism in hospital

静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)是指血液在静脉内不正常的凝固、使管腔部分或完全堵塞,包括深静脉血栓形成(DVT)和肺血栓栓塞症(PTE)在内的一组血栓栓塞性疾病。VTE是目前我国各级医院住院患者非预期死亡的主要原因,同时也是当前医疗纠纷的主要根源之一。目前临床护理人员对于血栓栓塞性疾病的认识还有待提高。血栓栓塞性疾病是涉及多个器官系统,错综复杂的全身性疾病,制订一个综合性的血栓栓塞性疾病防治措施,对提高临床护理人员防治意识,规范护理质量具有重要意义。本文阐述了VTE的概念、识别依据、危险因素及风险评估方法,结合临床实践和循证护理学研究,共同检索、评价和分析相关研究证据,对VTE的防治措施及护理要点研究进展进行综述,以期为VTE的临床防治及相关护理提供参考。

Venous thromboembolism(VTE)refers to a group of thromboembolic diseases,including deep venous thrombosis(DVT)and pulmonary thromboembolism(PTE),in which blood clots abnormally in veins,causing partial or complete blockage of the lumen.VTE is the main cause of unexpected death for inpatients at all levels hospital in our country,and it is also one of the main causes of current medical disputes.At present,the understanding of thromboembolic diseases among clinical nursing staffs need to be improved.Thromboembolic disease is a complex systemic disease involving multiple organ systems.It is of great significance to formulate a comprehensive prevention and treatment measure of thromboembolic disease to improve the awareness of prevention and treatment of clinical nursing staffs and standardize the quality of nursing.This article elucidates the concept,identification basis,risk factors and risk assessment methods of VTE,and combines clinical practice and evidence-based nursing research to jointly retrieve,evaluate and analyse relevant research evidence,and reviews the research progress on the prevention and treatment measures and estimation points,in order to provide reference for the clinical prevention,treatment and related nursing of VTE.