环境民事公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿制度研究

Study on Punitive Compensation System of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation

自《民法典》出台以来,围绕第1232条有关环境领域的惩罚性赔偿适用的问题,学界一直存有不少争议。特别对于惩罚性赔偿能否运用于环境公益诉讼这一问题的争论尤为激烈。尽管在审判实践中已有不少法院选择支持适用惩罚性赔偿的诉请,且最高法也出台了相关的司法解释,但此举是否与立法的本意契合仍需推敲。本文着眼于环境公益领域惩罚性赔偿制度的适用困境与现实需求,在探寻环境公益领域适用惩罚性赔偿的正当性的同时,重新审视其构成要件,以求二者之间能达成适配。

Since the introduction of the Civil Code,there has been a lot of controversy about the application of punitive damages in the field of environment in Article 1232.In particular,the debate on whether punitive damages can be applied to environmental public interest litigation is particularly fierce.Although there have been many cases of punitive damages applied on this basis in judicial practice,and a supporting judicial interpretation has been introduced,it is not consistent with the original intention of legislation.This paper focuses on the application dilemma and practical needs of the punitive damages system in the field of environmental public welfare.While exploring the legitimacy of the application of punitive damages in the field of environmental public welfare,it re-examines its constituent elements to ensure that the two can be adapted.