“多重中介者”及其联结:基于西北民族走廊汉族研究的分析

"Multiple Mediator"and Its Connections:Analysis Based on Ethnic Han Studies in Northwest Ethnic Corridor

汉族在统一的多民族国家中的凝聚作用一直是学界关注的重点。民国时期的学界用“枢纽人”和“限界群”来界定汉族人在边地社会中的形象和地位。国外学者也有一些研究。事实上,西北民族走廊发挥联结多元体系作用的汉族更多表现为“多重中介者”。“多重中介者”概念从关联性角度把握民族走廊不同情景、不同身份和阶层中的汉族人在沟通国家与社会、联结多元文化和民族交融中的具体方式,挖掘民族走廊多民族社会共同的行为规范、文化习俗和包容心态的生成路径。我国西部地区广泛存在各种“多重中介者”,扮演多重中介者角色的不仅有汉族成员,还有少数民族成员。“多重中介者”不是具有固定边界的实体,而是在网络中不断生成和演变的行动者。这种行动者不是与中心相对的“边缘人”,而是交互行动中的“之间者”和“联结者”。“多重中介者”试图从原来静态的、类型的研究转向对特定社会情景中能动者的交互行动和网络实践的探讨。而且,通过“多重中介者”概念,我们希望能深入理解民族走廊社会不同体系共生嵌入的机制,推进区域内文化复合、区域间关联乃至中华民族共同体生成路径的研究。

The cohesion of ethnic Han in a unified multi-ethnic country has always been a focus of the academic circle.In the period of the Republic of China,"key position people"and"boundary group"were used to define the image and status of ethnic Han people in the borderland society.Foreign scholars also have made some studies in this area.In fact,the ethnic Han people who play the role of connecting multiple systems in northwest ethnic corridor are more displayed as"multiple intermediaries".The concept of"multiple intermediaries"seizes the specific ways of ethnic Han people in different situations and classes in the ethnic corridor connecting the country and society,concrete way of connecting multi-cultures and ethnic integration.It also excavates the common behavior norms,cultural customs and inclusive mentality of multi-ethnic societies in the ethnic corridor.There are various"multiple intermediaries"in western China,which not only limited to ethnic Han,but also include other ethnic members who also play the role of multiple intermediaries."Multiple mediators"are not entities with fixed boundaries,but actors constantly generated and evolving in the network.This actor is not the"marginal person"contrast to the center place,but the"in between people"and"connecting people"in the interactive action.Therefore,the concept of"multiple mediator"attempts to shift from the original static,type research to the interactive action and network practices of activists in specific social scenarios.Moreover,through the research mentality of"multiple intermediaries",we expect to deeply understand the mechanism of symbiosis and embedding of different social systems in the ethnic corridor,and promote the research of regional cultural composite,inter-regional association and even the formation path of the Chinese national community.