从宋代谪宦诗文看岭南各民族的中华文化认同

On Chinese Cultural Identity of Different Ethnic Groups in Lingnan from Demoted Eunuchs'Poetry during the Song Dynasty

在宋代岭南谪宦的诗文作品中有大量关于其时岭南各民族生产生活情况的记叙,这些记叙有着深厚的历史文化意蕴,其中一个重要的方面就是谪宦与各民族民众间的交往、认同与互谊。一方面,宋代岭南谪宦能够摒弃师心自用的冷峻、偏见心态,代之以客观友好的态度与岭南各民族民众进行互动,设身处地了解并处理民族纠纷,帮助岭南各民族建学校、育人才、崇教化,并对岭南各民族的饮食习俗、风物风情和技艺水平给予肯定,与各族民众有了最直接的交往交流;另一方面,在与汉族谪宦的交往过程中,宋代岭南各少数民族逐渐认识到相较于先进的中原文化,岭南文化习俗诸多有待改进之处,于是,希望能通过对中原文化的认同与学习,以促进社会各方面的变化。具体体现为对华夏文明的闻风感慕,努力遵习汉俗、学说汉话、通诵经文等,积极学习汲取中原文化的精髓。双方在肯定各擅胜场基础上的双向互动,为宋代岭南各民族的进一步融合奠定了坚实的基础。宋代岭南谪宦诗文作品对各民族文化认同与共荣的反映,体现出岭南各民族对华夏文明的共同追求与丰富创新,为中华文化增添了多彩的因子。

In the Song Dynasty,there are a large number of stories about the production and life of the Lingnan ethnic groups at that time.These historical records have profound historical and cultural implications,an important aspect of which is the communication,identification and friendship between the demoted eunuchs and the people of various ethnic groups.On the one hand,the demoted eunuchs in the Song Dynasty were able to abandon the arrogant and biased mentality and interact with the local ethnic people in Lingnan with an objective and friendly mentality.They self-involved into local situation to understand and deal with ethnic disputes,helped Lingnan ethnic people to build up schools,cultivate talents,and recognized the eating customs,customs and skills of the local ethnic people in Lingnan,and had the most direct communication and exchanges with the people of all ethnic groups.On the other hand,in the process of communication with the ethnic Han people,the Lingnan ethnic people in the Song Dynasty gradually realized that compared with the advanced Central Plains culture,the Lingnan cultural customs needed to be improved in many aspects.Therefore,local ethnic people expected to promote the changes in all aspects of society through recognition and learning of the ethnic Han group.It is displayed through various aspects including the appreciation of the Chinese civilization,efforts to follow the Chinese customs,learning Chinese language,reciting Chinese sutras,and actively learning the essence of the Central Plains culture.Furthermore,the two-way interaction between the two sides on the basis of confirming respective victory field laid a solid foundation for the further integration of the Lingnan ethnic groups in the Song Dynasty.In the Song Dynasty,the reflection of the cultural identity and common prosperity of the demoted eunuchs'poetry towards the Lingnan ethnic people indicated the common pursuit and rich innovation of the Chinese civilization,and provided colorful elements to the Chinese culture.