论福斯特作品中的空间、地方与生态共同体思想

Space, Place and Ecocommunity in Forster’s Writings

福斯特在作品中批判无根性城市空间对现代城市人群生活的支配,认为基于理性经济效用的空间规划与生产使人们丧失直接扎根地方的体验,从而陷入感情、精神等方面的危机。与之相对的是,人类主体扎根地方的生态共同体式存在则满足了主体超越物质生存意义的情感与精神需求,并以守护万物的有机特质体现了人类主体的本真存在方式。主体归属于生态共同体的地方认同是整体自我认同的关键组成部分,而民族群体栖居生态共同体的集体认知与体验也成为建构整体民族认同的基础与前提。

In his writings, E. M. Forster criticizes the domination of rootless urban space over the lives of modern urban dwellers, arguing that spatial planning and production based on rational economic utility deprives people of the experience of being directly rooted in a place, thus plunging them into emotional, spiritual and other crises. In contrast, the ecological community-style existence of human subjects rooted in place satisfies their emotional and spiritual needs beyond the meaning of material existence, and embodies the true way of existence of human subjects with the organic quality of guarding all things. The sense of place identity that the subject belongs to an ecological community is the key component of the individual’s overall identity, while the collective cognition and experience of the ethnic group living in the ecological community has also become the basis and prerequisite for the construction of the overall ethnic identity.