金属复合板节能型爆炸焊接试验研究

Experimental Study on Energy Saving Explosive Welding of Metal Composite Plates

为了解决现有金属复合板爆炸焊接技术中存在装药结构能量利用率低、环境危害大、安全隐患突出等现实问题,对爆炸焊接装药结构进行了研究,设计出一种简式密封装药工艺,即一种节能型爆炸焊接复合板生产方法:在普通型铺设炸药之上,放置厚度2 mm左右的隔离板,隔离板之上铺设高度为10~12 mm的金刚砂。为了验证节能型爆炸焊接与普通型爆炸焊接金属复合板的力学性能差异,分别采用普通型爆炸焊接工艺和节能型爆炸焊接工艺进行了试验研究。采用节能型爆炸焊接技术生产的金属复合板,经无损检测、力学性能试验表明,其结合强度、复合率、机械性能等指标均达到或超过了国家标准GB/T 8165、行业标准NB/T 47002的技术要求。并且相比较于普通型爆炸焊接工艺,仅仅采用炸药表面覆盖物的方法,就可实现节能1/3的目的,在炸药使用量减少30%的情况下,依然得到了高于国家及行业标准规定的性能指标。实验结果表明:采用节能型爆炸焊接工艺与普通型爆炸焊接工艺生产的复合板,力学性能几乎相同,都能满足大型化工装备制造领域的需求。因此,采用节能型爆炸焊接复合板生产工艺,实现了简洁高效、安全可靠,节能降耗之目的。

In order to solve the existing problems in the explosive welding technology of clad metal plate,such as low utilization rate of explosive energy,environment harm and potential safety hazard,a simple closed explosive charging process,namely a production method of energy-saving explosive welding of clad metal plate,was designed.More precisely,an isolation plate with a thickness about 2 mm was placed on the surface of ordinary explosive,and a 10~12 mm height emery sands layer was laid on the isolation plate.Then,experimental research was conducted to verify the difference of the mechanical properties between the energy-saving explosive welding and the ordinary explosive welding.Non-destructive testing and mechanical properties tests showed that the interface binding strength,binding rate and mechanical properties of clad metal plates produced by the energy-saving explosive welding technology could meet or exceed the technical requirements of the national standard GB/T 8165 and industry standard NB/T 47002.The new method of covering something on the explosive surface can achieve the purpose of saving 1/3 energy compared with the ordinary explosive welding process.And even under the condition of reducing the explosive consumption by 30%,the mechanical performance index of the clad metal is still higher than the national and industrial standards.The experimental results show that the mechanical properties of the clad metal produced by the energy-saving explosive welding process and ordinary explosive welding process are almost the same,which can meet the needs of large-scale chemical equipment manufacturing field.Therefore,the production process of clad metal plate by the method of energy-saving explosive welding is simple,efficient,safe and reliable,and the purpose of saving energy as well as reducing consumption is realized.