激光选区熔化成形技术在航空航天领域应用现状

Application Status of Laser Selective Melting Forming Technology in the Aerospace Field

SLM又称为激光选区熔化成形,作为众多增材制造(AM)方式的一种,以金属粉末作为原材料,通过计算机软件规划出数据模型的扫描路径,控制高能量密度激光在保护气氛中快速烧结成型所需工件。这种方式生产的净成形零件不仅在功能上能满足现有需求,在零部件一体化、轻量化、拓扑优化和复杂流道方面也具有天然的优势。能为研发设计人员带来更多的设计灵感、加快原型验证,现已成为航空航天领域重要的应用、研究方向。本文主要介绍了航空航天领域SLM常用的材料体系,重点介绍了SLM技术在航空航天领域的典型应用,并探讨了SLM技术存在的问题以及未来的重点研究方向。

SLM also known as laser selective melting forming,is one of the many additive manufacturing(AM)methods.Metal powder is used as the raw material,and the scanning path of the data model is planned through computer software to control the high energy density laser to quickly sinter and shape the required parts in a protective atmosphere.The net formed parts produced by this method not only meet existing requirements in terms of functionality,but also integrate shaping,lightweight Topology optimization and complex flow channels also have advantages,which can bring more design inspiration and rapid prototype verification to R&D.It has become an important application and research direction in the aerospace field.This article mainly introduces the commonly used material systems of SLM in the aerospace field,focusing on the typical applications of SLM technology in the aerospace field,and exploring the problems and future research directions of SLM technology.