炎症信号通路在急性肺损伤中的作用及中医药干预研究进展

The Role of Inflammatory Signaling Pathway in Acute Lung Injury and the Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention

急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)作为急性呼吸窘迫综合征的最严重表现之一,肺部过度炎症是其最常见特征之一。过度的炎症反应将会进一步加重肺部组织损伤,在ALI的病理生理中起着关键的有害作用。既往研究表明,炎症相关信号通路(如丝裂原活化蛋白激酶[MAPK]、核转录因子E2相关因子2[Nrf2]、Toll样受体4[TLR4]、核转录因子-κB[NF-κB]、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3[NLRP3]、蛋白酪氨酸激酶[JAK]/信号转导与转录激活子[STAT])在ALI炎症反应中发挥着重要的调节作用,同时中医药防治ALI具有个体化、治未病、作用靶点多、途径广、不良反应小、安全性高、耐受性好等特点和优势。通过中医药调控上述炎症信号通路可改善基础疾病、减轻急性肺部炎症反应、急性肺部组织损伤。通过查阅国内外最新研究报道,总结了上述炎症信号通路在急性肺损伤中的最新研究进展及中医药干预炎症信号通路最新研究成果,旨为后续临床应用中医药防治急性肺损伤及急性肺损伤相关的深入研究提供参考和依据。

Acute lung injury(ALI) is one of the most serious manifestations of acute respiratory distress syndrome,and excessive lung inflammation is one of its most common features.Excessive inflammatory response will further aggravate lung tissue damage and play a key harmful role in the pathophysiology of ALI.Previous studies have shown that inflammation-related signaling pathways [such as mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),nuclear transcription factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB),NOD-like receptor hot protein domain-related protein 3(NLRP3),protein tyrosine kinase(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT) ] play an important regulatory role in ALI inflammatory response.At the same time,the prevention and treatment of ALI by traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics and advantages of individualization,preventive treatment of disease,multiple targets,wide approaches,small side effects,high safety and good tolerance.The regulation of the above inflammatory signaling pathways by traditional Chinese medicine can improve basic diseases,reduce acute lung inflammation and acute lung tissue damage.This article summarizes the latest research progress of the above inflammatory signaling pathways in acute lung injury and the latest research results of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in inflammatory signaling pathways by consulting the latest research reports at home and abroad,aiming to provide reference and basis for the subsequent clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of acute lung injury and acute lung injury.