《个人信息保护法》下网络平台的地位和责任构造

The Role and Liability of Platforms under the Personal Information Protection Law

平台在内容收集和传播环节上的自主性决定了它属于《个人信息保护法》下的信息处理者,而相应的合规义务不仅会侵害内容发布者的合法权益,减损信息自由传播效率和公众言论自由,还有可能颠覆平台的商业模式。应当正确认识平台信息处理者和网络服务提供者的双重身份,避免采取任何一种全无或全有的责任适用方式。在由典型的网络服务提供者和典型的信息处理者作为两端的类型光谱上,根据平台对内容收集和传播的自主性,将其分为信息处理受托者、类信息处理者和非典型信息处理者,分别配置责任范围,并以过错推定责任作为激发其履行个人信息保护义务的动力,兑现我国高水平保护个人信息的承诺。

The platform's autonomy in collecting and disseminating information determines that it is an information processor under the Personal Information Protection Law.However,the correspond-ing obligations of compliance not only infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of publishers of information,decrease the efficiency of free dissemination of information,and affect public free-dom of expression,but may also subvert the platform's business model.Therefore,the identities of both the processors of platform information and the providers of network service should be properly understood,and the all-or-nothing approach to the application of liability should be avoided.On the spectrum consisting of providers of typical network service and processors of typical information as the two ends of that spectrum,and in accordance with their autonomy of collecting and dissemina-ting information,platforms should be divided into trustees of information processing,processors of classic information,and processors of atypical information to configure the scope of liability respec-tively.The presumption of fault liability should be used to stimulate its motivation to fulfill its obli-gations and commitment to protect personal information.