柱流多旋流大功率顶燃式热风炉的开发与应用

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF COLUMN-FLOW MULTI-SWIRL HIGH-POWER TOP-FIRED HOT AIR STOVE

热风炉是高炉炼铁工序中的重要设备之一。宏兴钢铁有限公司1号高炉原配置的小帽子顶燃式热风炉因其固有的结构限制导致送风风温常年低于1 200℃、氮氧化物排放浓度高达100 mg/m^(3)以上,吨铁煤气消耗高达550~590 m^(3),影响了公司“降本增效”目标的实现。河南省豫兴热风炉技术有限公司使用其自主创新研发的豫兴柱流多旋流大功率顶燃式热风炉技术对其进行了技术改造,豫兴柱流多旋流大功率顶燃式热风炉通过采用独特的4排多旋流、多角度喷嘴结构,使燃烧室内煤气和空气充分混合燃烧,增大了燃烧器燃烧功率和效率,提高了风温,降低了煤气消耗;通过优化燃烧器拱顶高径比和上下部直径比,全面消除应力降低燃烧室高度,缩短烟气在高温区的运行距离和停留时间,降低空气过剩系数等技术手段,保证热风炉安全长寿和氮氧化物低浓度排放。改造后,热风炉送风风温稳定在1 250℃左右,氮氧化物控制在50 mg/m^(3)左右,吨铁煤气消耗350 m^(3)左右,单座热风炉格子砖蓄热能力和换热面积增加31%。

Hot air stove is one of the important equipment in the blast furnace ironmaking process.Due to its inherent structural limitations,the air supply air temperature is lower than 1200℃,the nitrogen oxide emission concentration is as high as 100 mg/m^(3),and the consumption per ton of iron gas is as high as 550~590 m^(3),which affects the realization of the company's goal of"reducing costs and increasing efficiency".Henan Yuxing Hot Air Stove Technology Co.,Ltd.uses its independent innovation and research and development of Yuxing column flow multi-swirl high-power top-fired hot air stove technology to transform it.The multi-angle nozzle structure makes the gas and air in the combustion chamber fully mixed and combusted,increases the combustion power and efficiency of the burner,improves the air temperature and reduces the gas consumption,and by optimizing the height-diameter ratio of the burner vault and the ratio of the upper and lower diameters,the stress is completely eliminated and the height of the combustion chamber is reduced,the running distance and residence time of the flue gas in the high-temperature area are shortened,and the air excess coefficient is reduced to ensure the safety and longevity of the hot air stove and the low concentration of nitrogen oxide emissions.After the transformation,the air temperature of the hot air stove is stable at about 1250℃,the nitrogen oxides are controlled at about 50 mg/m^(3),the consumption of iron gas per ton is about 350 m^(3),and the heat storage capacity and heat exchange area of the lattice brick of a single hot blast furnace are increased by 31%.